7.车辆NVH分析.pptVIP

二。传动系噪声 轮式装载机传动系主要部件包括液力变矩器、动力换挡变速器、传动轴、驱动桥和轮胎等重要部件。这些部件在装载机工作时都要进行高速的运转，各种运动付零件相互作用时就会产生振动或噪声。 装载机传动系噪声主要包括齿轮啮合和振动而产生的变速器、驱动桥噪声，旋转和振动传递而产生的传动轴噪声，以及在车辆高速行驶时由于轮胎滚动而形成的轮胎噪声等。 * 三。风扇噪声 风扇噪声是由冷却风扇转动产生的，与转速成正比。 风扇噪声主要是由风扇叶片切割空气或由风扇后面的部件所产生的空气紊流产生的，通过改变叶片的直径、数量、形状或角度，以及采用可变叶片风扇或改进风扇罩形状都可以减少风扇噪声。 * 经验推荐 推荐风扇端面距离散热器芯子的距离为风扇直径的10%～15%，这样既能充分发挥风扇的冷却能力，又可以使噪声最小。 风扇与导风罩之间要有适当的间隙，径向间隙一般应控制在2.5%风扇直径内，最大不宜超过3%，否则将大大降低风扇效率。 通常风扇和导风罩的前后关系应是：吸风风扇有2/3风扇投影宽度在导风罩内，吹风式风扇在导风罩内的宽度以1/3风扇叶片宽度为宜。 * NVH控制技术在整车开发流程中的应用 * NVH=Noise, Vibration and Harshness NVH Theory Vibration Acoustics NVH Technology Analysis Testing NVH Control Passive control Active control * Vibration Theory: Review Discrete system: mass-spring-damper Engine/Transmission at very low frequency Continuous system: beam, rod, plate Non-linear vibration: material/geometry Mount/Leaf Spring Random vibration: road input Transient/steady state Free/forced vibration * Important Terms in Vibration Theory Normal Mode Frequency Modal Shape Resonance Mobility Transfer function/frequency response function (FRF) Vibration isolation Damping/damper/deadener Dynamic absorber: A different concept: transfer vibration from a mass to another * Acoustics: Study of Sound Sound Speed Wave propagation: wave equation Plane wave Spherical wave Sound pressure level: dB Weighting network, A, B, C Sound Power Sound Intensity * Important Terms in Acoustics Characteristic impedance Sound transmission loss Mass law Double wall effects for sound isolation Absorption coefficient Attenuation time, T60 Quarter wave-length tube Helmholtz resonator * Analytical Technologies for NVH No theoretical solution for vehicle noise and vibration problems Approximation solution: numerical method Finite element method Boundary element method Statistical energy analysis Hybrid method Transfer path/FRF based sub-structuring /Panel acoustic contribution analysis * Vehicle Finite Element M