中国农业野生植物原生境保护实践与未来研究方向.pdfVIP

植物遗传资源学报2013,14(1):　 -　 Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 1 中国农业野生植物原生境保护实践与未来研究方向 杨庆文,秦文斌,张万霞,乔卫华,于寿娜,郭　 青 (中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京 100081) 　 　 摘要:农业野生植物原生境保护已成为国内外生物多样性保护热点。 截止2011年底,我国利用物理隔离和主流化两种保 护方式已建成各类农业野生植物原生境保护点226 个,保护物种52 个,分布于27 个省(自治区、直辖市),其中物理隔离保护 点154 个,保护物种39 个,分布于27 个省(自治区、直辖市),主流化保护点72 个,保护物种31个,分布于15 个省(自治区、直 辖市)。 本文通过对我国已建成的农业野生植物原生境保护点的调查和分析,比较了物理隔离和主流化两种保护方法的优缺 点,总结了两种保护方法建设农业野生植物原生境保护点的经验和存在的主要问题,提出了解决这些问题的思路与对策。 在 此基础上,结合国际上生物多样性保护的发展趋势,探讨了我国未来农业野生植物原生境保护的发展方向和关键措施。 　 　 关键词:农业野生植物;原生境保护;物理隔离;主流化 In-situ conservation practices and future development of wild relatives of crops in China YANG Qing-wen,QIN Wen-bin,ZHANG Wan-xia,QIAO Wei-hua,YU Shou-na,GUO Qing (Institute of Crop Science,ChineseAcademy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081) Abstract:In-situ conservation of wild relatives of crops has been one of the key issues of biological diversity conservation intheWorldand Chinainresentyears.Chinahasestablished226 in-situconservationsitesofwildrel- atives of cropswhich distributed in27 provincesand covered51speciessince2001with physical isolation and ma- instreaming approaches.Among thetotal conserved sites,154 siteswith39 speciesin27 provincesand72 siteswith 31species in 15 provinces were established with physical isolation approach and mainstreaming approach respec- tively.Based on the resultsfrom field surveys and analyses of the established in-situ conservation sites,the authors compared the advantages and disadvantages between physical isolation approach and mainstreaming approach,sum- marized the main experiences of both approaches and their facing problems,and provided some opinions and coun- termeasures on detected problems.Finally,some ideas on the main focuses and key points of in-situ conservation of wild relativeso