可编程温度传感器DS18B20 毕业设计.docxVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 16 论 文 摘 要 对于温度测量的设备用单片机检测和控制的电子产品在应用上已经越来越广泛。温度是一种最基本的环境参数，人民的生活与环境的温度息息相关，在工业生产过程中需要实时测量温度，在农业生产中也离不开温度的测量，因此研究温度的测量方法和装置具有重要的意义。 温度检测有多种方法：传统方法是使用诸如热电偶、热电阻之类的模拟温度传感器。被检测温度信号从热敏元件到单片机，经过众多器件，易受干扰、不易控制且精度不高。测量温度的关键是温度传感器，温度传感器的发展经历了三个阶段。 ·传统的分立式温度传感器。 ·模拟集成温度传感器。 ·智能集成温度传感器。 目前，国际上新型温度传感器正从模拟式向数字式，从集成化向智能化、网络化的方向飞速发展。 本设计是采用一种新型的可编程温度传感器DS18B20，它能替代模拟温度传感器和信号处理电路，直接与单片机沟通，完成温度采集和数据处理。本设计将DS18B20与AT89C51结合实现最简温度检测系统，该系统结构简单，抗干扰能力强，适合于恶劣环境下进行现场温度测量，有广泛的应用前景。 关键词：测温 DS18B20 数字温度传感器 AT89C51 目 录 论文内容摘要·············································· 1 关键词······················································ 1 方案论证与选择··········································· 3 硬件设计··················································· 3 4.1系统的组成············································ 3 4.2系统硬件设计 ········································· 3 4.2.1单片机的选择 ····································· 3 4.2.2时钟电路·········································· 4 4.2.3复位电路·········································· 5 4.2.4显示电路·········································· 5 4.2.5温度传感器的选择 ······························ 5 软件设计 ··················································· 6 5.1主程序设计············································ 7 5.2测量温度子程序设计································· 8 5.3初始化子程序········································· 9 5.4写子程序·············································· 10 5.5读子程序·············································· 10 5.6温度数据进行转换子程序····························11 5.7显示子程序············································12 6. 参考文献 ··················································· 13  方案论证与选择 方案一：使用热电阻、热电偶之类的模拟温度传感器，被测温度信号从热敏元件经过众多器件到单片机。 方案二：使用可编程温度传感器DS18B20直接与单片机沟通，完成温度采集和数据处理。并与AT89C51结合，实现最简温度检测系统。 分析：方案一属于传统的温度检测方法，温度信号易受干扰，不易控制且精度不高；方案二系统设计结构简单，抗干扰能力强，适合于恶劣环境下的现场温度测量。经过分析论证，我选择方案二作为设计方案。 硬件设计 系统的组成 系统的硬件结构如图1所示，系统电路连接如图2（附录）所示，由温度传感器DS18B20采集被控对象的实时温度，提供给AT89C51的P3.7口作为数据输入。在本设计中我们所控的对象为温室室温。当然作为改进我们可以把传感器与电路板分离，由数据线相连进行通信，便于