英汉修辞对比与翻译要点.ppt

语义修辞格(semantic rhetorical devices)?? 语义修辞格主要借助语义的联想和语言的变化等特点创造出来的修辞手法。它们主要包括:?simile, metaphor, allusion, metonymy, transferred epithet, personification, hyperbole, irony, euphemism, pun, oxymoron, zeugma, contrast ?等。例如： ?1）Experience is the mother of wisdom.? 经验为智慧之母。（隐喻）?? ?2）She is shedding crocodile tears. 她在掉鳄鱼眼泪。（借喻）?? 3）Mark my words, the first woman who fishes for him, hooks him.?? ?? 瞧着吧,不管什么女人钓他,他就会上钩。（拟物）? ?4) She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy.?? ?? 她对这个无家可归的孩子打开了自己的大门，也打开了自己的心扉。（轭式搭配法） 5) United we stand, divided we fall. 合则存，分则亡。(对照) 结构修辞格(syntactical rhetorical devices)?? ?? 句子结构上的修辞格主要是指通过句子结构的均衡布局或是突出重点创造出来的修辞手法。这类辞格主要包括 repetition, rhetorical question, antithesis, apostrophe 等。它们与汉语中的反复、设问、对偶、倒装基本相同。例如：?? ? ?1) I have written in bed and written out of it, written day and night.?? ?? 我卧床写，? 起床写；? 白天写，? 晚上也写。（repetition）?? ? ? 2) The gods, they say, give breath, and they take it away. But the same could be said-could it not? 人都说老天爷把气赐予生灵,又把气夺走。不过这话用在小小的逗号上，何尝不是如此？(Rhetorical question) ? ? 3) Man proposes, God disposes.? 谋事在人,成事在天。(Antithesis)?? ? 4) Up went the balloon into the cloudless sky.?? ?? 气球腾空而起，? 飘入万里无云的蓝天。(Anastrophe) Translation on Phonological Rhetorical Devices 音韵修辞格就是利用词语的语音特点创造出来的修辞手法。 英语音韵修辞格主要包括onomatopoeia （拟声）, alliteration （头韵）assonance（谐音）等。 1.1 Onomatopoeia Definition: Combination of sounds in a word that imitating what the word refers to, like “hiss” or “boom”. Function: association, direct, vivid. Example: The snake hissed. Sound from nature: murmur, babble, swish, patter, rumble, roll, rustle, zip, toot, tick,tinkle, screech, bang,bubble, clang,crack, splash, grumble 英语拟声是模仿事物发出的声响的修辞手法，与汉语的拟声修辞（摹声）完全相同。例如： The cart rattled down the street. 二轮马车发着嘎嘎声沿街驶过。 Presently there came the click of high-heeled shoes. 很快就传来了高跟鞋的咔哒咔哒声。 英语和汉语在音韵表达方法上有各自的特点。这