西南交大研究生课程结构动力学11详解.pptx

第10章 随机过程的基本知识 Introduction of Random Vibration;一、随机过程 Random Process 1、总体平均与平稳随机过程 Ensemble average and stationary random process 2、时间平均与各态历经随机过程 Time average and ergodic random process;二、随机过程的统计特性 Statistical property of random process 1、时域（幅值域）特征－－平均值、均方差和方差 Time domain (amplitude domain) characteristics: mean value, mean-square deviation, and variance 2、相关域特征－－相关函数 Domain of dependence characteristics: Correlation function 3、频率域特征－－功率谱密度 Frequency domain characteristics: power spectral density 4、几种典型的随机过程 Several typical random processes 5、随机过程的概率描述 Probability description of random process;三、线性系统对随机激励的响应 Responses of Linear System to Random Excitation 1、激励与响应的统计特性之间的关系 Relation between statistical property of excitation and response 2、单自由度线性系统对于随机激励的响应 Responses of single DOF linear system to random excitation 3、随机过程的联合性质 United properties of random process 4、多自由度系统对随机激励的响应 Responses of multi-DOF system to random excitation;确定性激励（deterministic excitation）：谐波激励、周期激励、非周期激励 Deterministic excitation: harmonic excitation, periodic excitation, aperiodic excitation;(1) 不再企求描述激励随时间的变化规律，而是退而求其次，即只要求掌握激励的某些“统计性规律”，同时也不去追求获得响应的时间历程，而是满足于对响应的“统计性规律”的掌握与运用。 Try not to describe the varying pattern of excitation over time. The second best choice is to master some statistical patterns of excitation. Try to master and apply statistical pattern of repsonse instead of seeking for obtaining time history of response.;(2) 可以推论，在确定一个系统对随机激励的响应时，不可能期望对响应的了解比对激励的描述更加详尽。由此可见，确定一个系统对随机激励的响应时，目标是建立系统的随机响应统计特性与激励的统计特性之间的关系。 It is implied that by determing the response of one system to random excitation, knowlege of response shall not be expected to be more specific than description of excitation. It follows that when the the reponse of one system to random excitation is determined, the target is to build relation betwwen statistical property of system‘s random response and that of excitation.;随机振动：由随机激励