pH敏感水凝胶的制备与性能研究详解.docVIP

pH敏感水凝胶的制备与性能研究 摘 要 由于其对环境响应的特性及在药物输送、化学分离、传感器、催化等方面的潜在应用，环境响应性水凝胶一直深受科研工作者的青睐。本文以丙烯酸(AA)为单体、N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂，采用自由基本体聚合方法制备具有pH敏感特性聚丙烯酸(PAA)水凝胶。讨论了交联剂用量、促进剂用量、引发剂配比、反应温度等因素对水凝胶合成的影响，并详细研究了该水凝胶的pH响应特性。在此基础上，探讨了水凝胶对亚甲基蓝污水的吸附作用。 实验表明：较佳合成条件为0.2gMBA、0.3mL促进剂、引发剂配比为0.6:1（亚硫酸氢钠/过硫酸铵），反应温度50°C；且形成的水凝胶具有明显的pH敏感特性，当溶液的pH为14时，其溶胀比可高达自身重量的10倍；实验中还发现该凝胶对亚甲基蓝溶液表现出良好的吸附效果。 关键词：水凝胶； 聚丙烯酸； pH敏感 ABSTRACT The stimuli-responsive hydrogels continued to draw attention due to their specific properties and potential applications in fields, including drug delivery, chemical separations, sensors, and catalysis. In this paper, pH-sensitive polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogels were synthetized using acrylic acid as monomer and N,N-Methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent by the radical polymerization in bulk. The factors of the crosslinker and accelerator dosage, ratio of initiator, reaction temperature were discussed on the synthesis of hydrogels, and then the pH-responsive performance of the above hydrogels were studied at the different pH solution in detail. Furthermore the adsorption properties of hydrogels were examined on the stimulative sewage containing the methylene blue. The results showed that the optimum reaction conditions were 0.2g MBA, 0.3mL accelerator, ratio of initiator 0.6:1 (sodium bisulfite/ ammonium persulfate), temperature 50℃ respectively. The obtained hydrogel had the obvious pH-sensitive properties, when the solution was 14, the swelling ratio (SR) could run up to 10, and the hydrogels also had the adsorbability of the methylene blue solution. Keywords: hydrogel; polyacrylic acid; pH-sensitive 目 录 绪论 1 前言 1 1.1 水凝胶吸水机理 1 1.2 水凝胶分类 2 1.2.1 根据水凝胶对环境的不同敏感特性分类 2 1.2.2 根据凝胶网络上的电荷性质分类 2 1.2.3 根据凝胶原料的来源分类 3 1.2.4 根据水凝胶对外界环境的敏感程度进行分类 3 1.3 水凝胶的制备 3 1.3.1 自由基聚合 3 1.3.2 溶液聚合 4 1.3.3 反相悬浮法 4 1.3.4 反相乳液聚合 4 1.3.5 辐射聚合 4 1.3.6 水溶性高分子的交联 5 1.3.7 物理交联水凝胶 5 1.4 水凝胶的应用 5 1.4.1 农林园艺方面 5 1.4.2 生理卫生用品方面 5 1.4.3 医疗及医药方面 6 1.4.4 工业及其他方面 6 1.5 pH 敏感性