奇瑞微型汽车的前、后悬架系统的硬件选择设计 毕业设计说明书.doc

摘 要 随着汽车工业技术的发展，人们对汽车的行驶平顺性，操纵稳定性以及乘坐舒适性和安全性的要求越来越高。汽车行驶平顺性反映了人们的乘坐舒适性，而舒适性则与悬架密切相关。因此，悬架系统的开发与设计具有很大的实际意义。 本次设计主要研究的是奇瑞微型汽车的前、后悬架系统的硬件选择设计，计算悬架的刚度、静挠度和动挠度及确定出弹簧的各部分尺寸，并且通过阻尼系数和最大卸荷力确定了减振器的主要尺寸，最后进行横向稳定杆的设计以及汽车平顺性能的分析。本设计中前悬架采用当前家庭轿车前悬流行的麦弗逊悬架，后悬则采用半拖曳臂式独立悬架。前、后悬架的减振器均采用双向作用筒式减震器，这种结构的设计，有效的提高了乘座的舒适性和驾驶稳定性。采用CAXA软件分别绘制前后悬架的装配图和部分主要零件图。 关键词：悬架；平顺性；弹性元件；阻尼器；横向稳定器 Abstract As the auto industry technology development, the people of vehicle handling stability and sex, comfort and safety of demand is higher and higher. The art of car reflects peoples comfort, and comfort is closely related with the suspension. Therefore, the suspension system development and design of great practical significance. The design of the main research is the front of the car, miniature chery after suspension system hardware selection of design, calculation suspension stiffness, static deflection and dynamic deflection and determine the dimensions of the spring, and through the damping coefficient and maximum unloading force determined the shock absorber, finally the main dimensions of the transverse WenDingGan design and analysis of the performance car ride. The design of the front suspension current family car before hanging popular McPherson suspension, suspension and a half is adopted drag arm type independent suspension. Before and after the suspension shock absorber cavitation all use two-way role shock absorber, this kind of structure design, improve the efficiency of the travelling by a comfort and driving stability. Using CAXA software are charted the before and after suspension of assembly and part of main parts figure. Keywords: suspension; Smooth; Elastic component; Dampers; Transverse stabilizer 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 目 录 III 第1章 绪 论 1 1.1悬架系统概述 1 1.2悬架的构成和类型 2 1.3课题研究的目的及意义 2 第2章 前、后悬架结构的选择 3 2.1悬架的结构形式 3 2.2独立悬架 3 2.3非独立悬架 5 2.4 前后悬架方案的选择 6 2.5主要元件 7 2.5.1弹性元件 7 2.5.2减振器 7 2.6辅助元件 8 2.6.1横向稳定器 8 2.6.2缓冲块 8 3.1主要技术参数 9 3.2悬架性能参数确定 9 3.3悬架的动、静挠度选择 10 第4章 弹性元件的设计计算 11