第四讲R语言语句组、循环和条件控制.pptx

第四讲：语句组，循环，条件控制事件处理的逻辑模式顺序执行按条件作出是否执行的判断根据某种条件变化反复执行根据不同的情况作出相应的执行一、组合表达式为实现某一功能而使各种命令表达式组合在一起形成一个复合表达式，形式一般为：{expr_1expr_2…expr_n}二、条件控制语句if(condition1)statement1elseif(condition2)statement2elsestatement3condition语句返回一逻辑值，为TRUE时执行，为FALSE时跳过逻辑运算符：#逻辑与||#逻辑或优先对向量的第一个元素进行运算#逻辑与|#逻辑或！#逻辑非按照逐个元素的方式进行计算==#恒等#大于=#大于等于#小于=#小于等于x-8if(x=10){x-x+10cat(x=,x,\n)}elseif(x=7){x-x+7cat(x=,x,\n)}else{x-x+5cat(x=,x,\n)}例子：x-8If(0){#condition不为0，执行if(x=10){x-x+10cat(x=,x,\n)}elseif(x=7){x-x+7cat(x=,x,\n)}else{x-x+5cat(x=,x,\n)}}X-1:9#x-paste(c(X,Y),1:10,sep=)If(!is.numeric(x)!plex(x)!is.logical(x)){warning(argumentisnotnumericorlogical:returningNA)return(NA_real_)}例子：例子：分析outer函数的计算过程X-matrix(1:4,nrow=2)Y-array(1:6,dim=c(3,2))X[,1][,2][1,]13[2,]24Y[,1][,2][1,]14[2,]25[3,]36outer(Y,X)#Y%o%X,,1,1[,1][,2][1,]14[2,]25[3,]36,,2,1[,1][,2][1,]28[2,]410[3,]612,,1,2[,1][,2][1,]312[2,]615[3,]918,,2,2[,1][,2][1,]416[2,]820[3,]1224两个数组的外积outer(Y,X,FUN=+),,1,1[,1][,2][1,]25[2,]36[3,]47,,2,1[,1][,2][1,]36[2,]47[3,]58,,1,2[,1][,2][1,]47[2,]58[3,]69,,2,2[,1][,2][1,]58[2,]69[3,]710X[,1][,2][1,]13[2,]24Y[,1][,2][1,]14[2,]25[3,]36可以改变计算函数FUN:+,-,*,/,^outer(X,Y,FUN=“*”)：提取两个矩阵的属性outer(X,Y,FUN=“*”)：两个矩阵的外积计算过程Vender-paste(c(Vender),1:9,sep=)ProduceName-c(256MBDDR400,256MBDDR333,512MBDDR400,+256MBDDR400,256MBDDR333,256MBSDRAM266,+256MBDDR400,256MBDDR400,512MBDDR400)Type-rep(c(DDR),9)Type[6]-SDRAMMem-c(256,256,512,256,256,256,256,256,512)Frequency-c(400,333,400,400,333,266,400,400,400)Price-c(315,300,650,280,265,265,290,345,575)MemInfo-data.frame(Vender,ProduceName,Type,Mem,Frequency,Price)MemInfoVenderProduceNameTypeMemFrequencyPrice1Vender1256MBDDR400DDR2564003152Vender2256MBDDR333DDR2563333003Vender3512MBDDR400DDR5124006504Vender4256MBDDR400DDR2564002805Vender5256MBDDR333DDR2563332656Vender6256MBSDRAM266SDRAM2562662657Vender7256MBDDR400DDR2564002908Vender8256MBDDR400DDR2564003459Vender9512MBDDR400DDR512400575定义一个数据框rep(expensive,length(MemInfo$Price))-ExpStrrep(cheap,length(MemInfo$Price))-CheapStrifels