髋关节置换术护理要点讲解.ppt

* Fitting your walker Adjust your walker so that it fits your arms comfortably. To tell if your walker is the correct height, step inside your walker and: Check your elbow bend. Place your hands on the grips. Your elbow should bend at a comfortable angle — about 30 degrees. Check your wrist height. Relax your arms at your sides. The top of your walker should line up with the crease on the inside of your wrist. A properly fitted walker reduces the stress on your shoulders and back as you move the walker in front of you. Taking your first step If you have a leg injury or disability, begin moving with your walker by pushing your walker forward. Keep your back upright. Dont lean over your walker Pushing your walker out too far in front of you is a common mistake. Always step into your walker, rather than walking behind it, so youll stay upright as you move. Another common mistake is to set your walker at too great a height. Both of these errors can make using your walker less comfortable and make it more likely that youll fall. 人工髋关节置换术的护理 学习目的 1了解髋关节的解剖及人工髋关节置换术的概念及适应症 2掌握THR术前的锻炼 3重点掌握术后髋关节保护技术 解剖位置 人工全髋关节置换术(Total Hip Replacement , THR) 是通过植入人工全髋关节假体治疗髋关节疾患的外科技术, 是成人髋关节成形术中最常用的方法, 是近年来发展最快的骨科分支之一。 * 人工髋关节的外形 适应症：改善功能 提高生活质量 术前护理 1.按外科手术前常规护理 2.专科护理： 皮 肤 准 备 备皮范围:上界平肋弓，下界达膝关节，前后均须超过躯干中线，包括会阴 使用500ml安尔碘Ⅲ1/3交病人沐浴 术前功能锻炼 训练床上使用便器 呼吸功能锻炼 戒烟 有效咳嗽 T型枕的使用 四肢功能锻炼 扩胸运动 踝泵运动 抬臀运动 股四头肌收缩  训练床上使用便器 放置便盆：嘱患者拉住牵引床上的吊手环，健肢撑床用力，协助将骨盆整体托起，从健侧置入便盆，同时应注意保护患者髋关节，防止外旋和内收动作。 踝 泵 运 动 踝泵(Ankle pump)通过踝关节的运动，起到象泵一样的作用，促进下肢的血液循环和淋巴回流。这样的作用对于手术之后的功能恢复，可是至关重要的！ 术前准备 踝泵运动 动作：脚踝及脚趾同时用力往上翘，维持10秒钟，再用力往下压，停10秒后反复进行，每次进行10—20分钟，每日四组。 　　 股四头肌收缩运动 动作：脚放在病床上，用力将膝盖往下压，可感觉大腿前面肌肉(即股四头肌)鼓起来，每次停5-6秒钟。