英汉礼貌原则精要.pptVIP

English and Chinese Politeness Principles English and Chinese Politeness Principles 一.The Concepts of English and Chinese PP 1.1.English PP 1.2.Chinese PP 二.Comparison Between English and Chinese PP 2.1 The Similarities of English and Chinese PP 2.2 The Differences Between English and Chinese PP 2.1 English Politeness Principle minimize cost to other; maximize benefit to other. minimize benefit to self; maximize cost to self. minimize dispraise of other; maximize praise of other. 2.1 English Politeness Principle ④Modesty maxim: 谦虚准则 ⑤Agreement maxim: 赞同准则 ⑥Sympathy maxim: 同情准则 1.minimize praise of self; 2.maximize dispraise of self. 1.minimize disagreement between self and other; 2.maximize agreement between self and other. 1.minimize antipathy between self and other; 2.maximize sympathy between self and other. 2.2 Chinese Politeness Principle   Example A:你的网球打得很好。You are very good at playing table tennis. B:不,我打得不好,没有你打得好。No, I am not good at it and I don’t play as well as you do.  2.1 The Similarities of English and Chinese PP The Similarity in “Refinement Maxim” The Refinement Maxim refers to the use of gentle language. This maxim requests one to try to avoid unpleasant and awkward expressions. Eg:His daughter is rather weak in the head. In this Example “weak in the head” is used to substitute the words “stupid”. 2.2 The Differences Between English and  Chinese PPs 2.2.1 The Difference in Modesty Maxim When being complimented, an English-speaking person would readily accept the compliment by saying something like “Thank you” to show his appreciation of the praise,but a Chinese speaker would try to deny the truth of the compliment. Eg: 英 A: Oh, how beautiful your dress is! B: Thank you. 中 A: Oh, what a beautiful handwriting! B: No, no, Not at all. You are jokin