W6-感染与免疫教程分析.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * sepsis is simplified as being the result of exacerbated inflammatory responses. Normally, the immune and neuroendocrine systems tightly control the local inflammatory process to eradicate invading pathogens. When this local control mechanism fails, * 考试： 1）60分：课本的基础知识 2）40分：应用和发挥（题目自己定） 3）附加20分：平时表现,文献报告 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Immunological Memory * III) Viral escape mechanisms mAb * Escape by Hiding Blood barrier: brain Kidney * Escape by Latency The immune system remains ignorant to latently infected cells that do not express viral antigens. * 水痘 带状疱疹 Escape by antigenicity changes Antigenic drift and shift in influenza virus * Antigenshift 1900 H3N8 1918 H1N1 (Spanish) 1957 H2N2 (Asian) 1968 H3N2 (Hong Kong) cell infected with human and avian strains of influenza virus reassortment of vRNAs human virus H1N1 avian virus HA and HN genes from avian strain, kept five genes from circulating human strain Mixture of viruses, including H2N2 virus * Escape by Subverting Antigen Processing and Antigen Presentation * Escape by Destruction of Immune Cells HIV-1 virus, which infects and destroys CD4 + T cells HBV * Inhibition of Target Cell Lysis * Inhibition of Natural Killer Cell Activity Inhibition of natural killer (NK) cell functions. Viral products ( gray outline) inhibit NK cell activity by providing class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) decoys CMV UL18 * Inhibition of Interferons Interference of Cytokine Functions HIV,EB Adenovirus (E3) TNF * Cytokine Mimetics Receptor Mimetics EBV produces an IL-10–like molecule ( 212 ) that inhibits synthesis of IL-12 and thus the generation of Th1 immune responses. Herpesviruses and poxviruses encode a number of secreted proteins that bind chemokines or cytokines Molluscum contagiosum virus, as well as Orthopoxvirus species, secrete IL-18–binding proteins Inhibition of Interleukin-18 * Inhibition of Complement