语言学04--Chapter Four From Word to Text.pptVIP

Chapter FourFrom Word to Text Syntax is the study of the rules governing the ways different constituents are combined to form sentences in a language, or the study of the interrelationships between elements in sentence structures. 1. Syntactic relations Syntactic relations can be analysed into three kinds: relations of position relations of substitutability relations of co-occurrence 1.1 Relations of Position For language to fulfill its communicative function, it must have a way to mark the grammatical roles of the various phrases that can occur in a clause. The boy kicked the ball