中老年人心脑血管病的防治.分析.pptVIP

* 70%的糖尿病患者在确诊时存在神经病变，导致了美国每年55000-60000例截肢的发生。 在糖尿病发生15年后， 10%的患者出现视网膜病变、青光眼或白内障，2%出现失明。 肾病是导致终末期肾脏病变的首要因素。 美国45岁以上的糖尿病患者有7.5-20%出现冠心病。CHD的风险比无糖尿病的人增加了2-4倍。脑血管疾病：糖尿病患者的中风风险增高2-4倍。15%的糖尿病患者死于中风。 2型糖尿病患者出现外周血管疾病的风险增高4-8倍。 Neuropathy affects around 70% of those with diabetes at the time of diagnosis, leading to 55,000–60,000 amputations in the USA each year. Retinopathy, glaucoma or cataracts occur in around 10% of people after 15 years of diabetes. Blindness affects around 2%. Nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Coronary heart disease (CHD) affects 7.5–20% of all people with diabetes over 45 years of age in the USA. The risk of CHD is two to four times higher than for those without diabetes. Cerebrovascular disease: the risk of stroke is two to four times higher in people with diabetes. Fifteen percent of people with type 2 diabetes die from stroke. The risk of peripheral vascular disease is four to eight times higher in people with type 2 diabetes. * Linker Fuss: Diabetes Typ 2, maennlich, 53 Jahre Patient ist an der Tankstelle kolabiert und wurde durch den Notarzt in die Notaufnahme gebracht. Oberschenkelamputation noch am selben Tag * Reference: 1. Drouet L. Cereobrovasc Dis 2002; 13(suppl 1): 1–6. * 糖尿病患者心血管疾病发生率显著增高，该图显示无冠心病的2型糖尿病患者7年心梗发生率略高于无糖尿病的冠心病患者，因此ATP3指出：糖尿病是冠心病的等危症 * 心血管疾病是糖尿病患者的主要死亡原因。6 约2／3的糖尿病患者死于心血管疾病，包括CHD、脑卒中及外周血管疾病。10 * Slide 3 Atherothrombosis: a Generalized and Progressive Process Atherothrombosis is the common underlying disease process for MI, ischemia and vascular death. ACS are classic examples of atherothrombosis (plaque rupture and thrombus formation). ACS (in common with ischemic stroke and critical leg ischemia) are typically caused by rupture or erosion of an atherosclerotic plaque followed by formation of a platelet-rich thrombus. Atherosclerosis is an ongoing process affecting mainly large and medium-sized arteries, which can begin in childhood and progress throughout a person’s lifetime. Stable athero