2011年高考英语重点突破写作周计划 第三讲 巧用三段式 决胜议论文课件.pptVIP

* 议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体，它通过摆事实、讲道理的方式来辨明是非曲直，从而表达出作者的观点。议论文常由论点、论据和论证三部分构成。 一、议论文的写作特点 1．议论文的主要命题形式是以表格式和提纲式来呈现写 作材料的。 2．它要求语言必须简练、准确，要尽可能避免使用口语， 多用书面语，可适当使用名言警句；以议论为主，辅之以叙述、说明和描写等手法。 3．在议论文三段式里，首先要写好开头，具体需把握好 三点：第一，开门见山，紧扣题目；第二，提出论点，说明中心；第三，总述内容，概括要点。 其次要深化中间段。中间段是首段的拓展。议论文的中间段是论证论点的，常用方法有归纳法、推理法、对照法和驳论法。 最后要把好结尾关，考生可以：重复中心思想——回到文章开头提出的中心思想或主题上，达到再次肯定和强调的效果；引用——用格言或名人名言总结全文，既言简意赅，又有较强的说服力；得出结论——文章最后用几句话概括全文内容，并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者观点。 二、议论文的写作技巧 1．写作时要围绕中心论点展开议论，即论据和论证要围绕 论点展开。根据题目要求，有时需要从正反两方面来论述，可增强论证的力度。最后，可得出结论，照应开头，形成一个有机的整体。 2．写作时常以三段式的形式展开议论。即：主题段、拓展 段和总结段。 三、议论文中表示观点对比类写作套语 1．总述： ?We have a discussion about... ?We have had a discussion about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks. ?We have had a survey on... ?We have had a survey on whether students should be allowed to carry mobile phones to school. ?Different people hold different opinions. ?Opinions are divided. ?People have taken/adopted different attitudes towards... ?People take different views on this question. ?People have different opinions on this problem. 2．表达观点： ?Others have different opinions. ?Sixty percent of the students are for the idea, while forty percent of the students think otherwise. ?Sixty percent of the students think it necessary to..., but forty percent of the students dont think so. ?...of them hold the opinion that... ?...of them are in favor of the idea that... ?People who are for/against the idea think... ?...of them think/believe that... 3．表达不同观点之间的衔接： ?However, ...of them hold a different view./...of them hold the opposite opinion. ?People who are against it dont think so. ?However, each coin has two sides. ?Different from those..., ...people think... ?On the other hand, ...people object that... 4．在对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用下列句型： ①What is more，...还有就是……，而且…… ?What is more，we can get a good knowledge of the culture and social customs of the country where we study，as well as improve our English. ②Besides，...除此之外…… ?Some students cannot discipline themselves.Besides，it is fa