儿科笔记整理介绍.docx

Chapter1Overviewofpediatricnursing（加粗和下划线表示课件中的红字，只有下划线表示课件上只有下划线）1.Focusesonthepatternofchildgrowthanddevelopment,childhealthpromotionanddiseaseprevention,anddirectcareofillnesschildren2.Thenursingcareofchildrenfrombirthtotheendofadolescence:Adolescencefrom11to21;InChinapediatricdepartmentonlyofferservicesforchild14years;Internationalcommonpractice18years3.Stagesofgrowthanddevelopment:名解（儿童年龄分期是重点）⑴.Fetalperiodconception~birth胎儿期⑵.Neonatalperiodumbilicalligation~28days新生儿期⑶.Infantperiodbirth~1year婴儿期⑷.Toddler’sage1~3years幼儿期⑸.Preschoolage3~6years学龄前期⑹.Schoolagebeginwithentryintoaschoolsystemandendwiththebeginningofteenage.(Girls:7~11or12years/boys7~12or13yrs)学龄期⑺.Adolescencebeginswiththegradualappearanceofsecondarysexcharacteristicsandendwithcessationofbodygrowth.⑴FeaturesoffetalperiodFromtheconceptiontoapproximately12weeksiscrucialperiod；Manycausescouldresultinabortion流产andcongenitalmalformation.⑵FeaturesofNeonatalPeriodMorbidity发病率andmortality死亡率ofneonatalisthehighest；Perinatalperiod围生期:commencesat28completedweeksofgestationandends7daysafterbirth.⑶FeaturesofinfantperiodGrowsandchangesdramaticallythananyothertime；Diarrheaandmalnutritionisthepotentialhealthconcern；Thetransplacental经胎盘的immunityiseffectiveonlyforabout3~6months；Infantsarevulnerabletoinfectiousdiseases.⑷Featuresoftoddler’sageMoreactivitiesandmorecuriosity;Atriskforaccidentalinjury⑸FeaturesofpreschoolageCoordinationandmusclestrengthincreaserapidly.Developself-control,masteryandindependent.Acquirewidersocialrelationshipsandlearnrolestandards.Disciplinetrainingisnecessary.⑹FeaturesofschoolageLifecenterischangedfromthefamilygrouptothewiderworld.Childrenexperiencestressfromsocietalchange,school,competitionandmedia.Acriticalperiodinthedevelopmentofmental,social,moral.⑺FeaturesofadolescencePhysicalgrowthduringadolescenceissecondonlytoinfancy；Adolescencemaybeemotionallylabile情绪不稳,withextremehighsandextremelows.；Adolescencequestionthevaluesoffamilyandsociety4.ThecharacteristicsofpediatricnursingPhysicalcharacte