傅里叶变换解说.doc

本科毕业论文（设计） 题 目 2013 年 4 月 30日 Analysis of Fourier Transform LIU Chaoyuan School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest China University, Chongqing 400715, China Abstract: The essence of the Fourier transform to signal is decomposed into different frequency of complex exponential signals, due to the response of complex exponential signals in LTI system is very simple, and the Fourier transform has many useful properties make Fourier transform can be widely used in signal analysis. Signal Fourier transform has many forms, and has a strong link between each other: such as periodic extension of non-periodic signal, the Fourier series(FS) is the original signal Fourier transform(FT) interval sampling; if the discrete sequence obtained by continuous signal sampling, discrete sequence of DTFT is the scale transform of the continuous signal FT periodic extension by the sampling frequency. In order to use the computer to Fourier analysis of the signal, then introduction the DFT, which is the sampling of the signal in time domain and frequency domain. A Variety of FFT algorithms proposed greatly reducing the number of DFT calculations, so DFT can be widely used, and greatly promote the development of digital signal processing technology. Key words: LTI systems;Convolution;Fourier Transform;DFT目录 第一章 引言 1 1.1 历史背景 1 1.2 本文所研究内容 2 第二章 线性时不变系统（LTI系统） 3 2.1 线性系统 3 2.2 时不变系统 3 2.3 LTI系统对信号的响应 4 2.3.1 卷积 4 2.3.2 LTI系统对复指数信号的响应 6 第三章 傅里叶变换 7 3.1 连续与离散 7 3.1.1 离散时间序列 8 3.1.2 连续时间复指数信号与离散时间复指数信号 8 3.2 连续时间周期信号与离散时间周期信号的傅里叶级数(FS) 10 3.3 连续时间傅里叶变换（FT）与离散时间傅里叶变换（DTFT） 12 3.3.1 连续时间傅里叶变换 12 3.3.2 离散时间傅里叶变换 14 3.4 连续时间傅里叶变换与离散时间傅里叶变换之间的关系 16 3.5 连续信号的离散化处理过程 18 3.6 离散时间信号的采样与抽取 20 第四章 数字信号处理 24 4.1 周期序列的离散傅里叶级数 24 4.2 离散傅里叶变换（DFT） 24 4.2.1 频率域采样 26 4.2.2 循环卷积 28 4.2.3 基于DFT的信号频谱分析 31 4.3 快速傅里叶变换FFT 32 第五章 总结 36 参考文献： 37 致谢： 37 第一章 引言 1.1 历史背景 傅里叶变换是大家所熟悉的一种变换，又是一种令人感到陌生的变换！随着信号从模拟信号到数字信号，信号处理从模拟信号处理到数字信号处理，18世纪末和19世纪初诞生的傅里叶变换发生了巨大的变化。傅里叶变换的丰富和发展，极大地促进了信息科学的丰