API 3000 LCMSMS操作培训手册要点.ppt

API 3000 Operator Training Course Analyst-NTFoster City CA PAL Lab What is LC/MS LC: Liquid Chromatography MS: Mass Spectrometer an instrument that produces ions and separates them in the gas phase according to their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) Element Mass Average mass of all natural isotopes Carbon Abundance Integer Mass 12C = 12.0000 Da 98.91% 12 13C = 13.0034 1.09% 13 (12.0000)(0.9891) + (13.0034)(.011) = 12.011 Natural isotopes Abundance Natural Isotopes Abundance Element Abundance Exact Mass X+1 Factor X+2Factor 16O 99.76 15.9949 17O 0.04 16.9991 0.04NO 18O 0.20 17.9992 0.02NO 19F 100 18.9984 28Si 92.2 27.9769 29Si 4.7 28.9765 5.1Nsi 30Si 2.2 29.9738 3.4NSi 31P 100 30.9738 32S 95.0 31.9721 33S 0.75 32.9715 0.8NS 34S 4.22 33.9679 4.4Ns Defining the masses Integer Mass - Sum of Protons and Neutrons of an element Nominal Mass - Sum of the integer masses of the most abundant isotopes of the elements in a compound Average Mass - Sum of the atomic weights of the elements in a compound Exact mass - Sum of the most abundant isotopes of elements in a compound -Theoretical calculation only Accurate mass - experimentally determined mass Monoisotopic mass - sum of the exact masses of the most abundant isotopes of elements in a compound Examples of Masses Multiply Charged Ions Multiply Charged Ions: Signal = (MW+N)/N (N = # of charges) Since the Quad separates ions based on m/z ratio and ions can have multiple charges in Ion Spray. A series of multiply charged ions is usually produced for larger molecules. Common adducts POSITIVE MODE Na 22 Da. higher than M+H K 38 Da. higher than M+H