雅思大作文写作主体段落如何扩展(二).docxVIP

智课网IELTS备考资料 雅思大作文写作主体段落如何扩展(二) 摘要： 雅思大作文段落扩展有很多方法，比如列举法、举例法、对比法、因果法、让步法、定义法、类比法等，但是在实际运用的时候很多考生的局限性很强，从而限制了分数的进一步提高。  在上一章节中我们已经系统介绍了举例法和因果法的使用要领，在接下来的章节中， 小马 过河中心写作组的专家将和大家继续探讨其余主体段的扩展方式：  三、对比论述法  对比论述法是通过对2个以上事物或者人物的对比对论点加以说明，对比法常用的连接词有：likewise, similarly, at the same time, in contrast, nevertheless, still, instead, rather, on the contrary, after all, unlike, while, whilst等，有时候可以用条件状语从句来进行对比，也可以用介宾短语来引导对比。  1. Stability also contributes to the proliferation of fossil fuels in both industrial production and household application. A power station fuelled by coal is able to generate electricity constantly, whilst the production of a wind power station largely depends on the weather. Similarly, a household solar geyser can not work properly in rainy days when people will have to use gas water heater.  2. Teachers help students focus on what they are learning. If they are learning something by themselves, it is easy to become distracted and go on to other activities. Also, it is tempting to skip parts of the learning process they think they don’t need, which can hinder their ability to really understand the subject. By comparison, teachers keep their attention on the subject and also approach a subject logically, taking it one step at a time.  在上述的第一个段落中，通过火力发电站和风力发电站的对比，突出化石能源较之可再生能源在能量提供的持续性上的优势。此外，作者继续用了第2个对比来进一步说明这个论点，在2个对比的使用中，请大家特别注意similarly这个连词的使用，在表示类比的时候我们经常会用到这个连词。而在第二个段落中，作者又通过有老师在和没有老师在学生学习的2种境况做了横向比较，从而突出老师对于学生学习的重要性。  在对比论述法中，还有一种高级的论述方式，叫做“否定假设法”，这种论述手法使用的理论是假设某个条件不存在，会导致什么样的后果，一般用without来引导，主句中多使用虚拟语气。下面我们来看一个例子：  Many medical treatment and procedures have been developed from experiments on animals. Since animals share many features with humans, scientists use animals to test the safety and effectiveness of newly developed drugs before pilot testing on small groups of patients. Medical teams practice new operating techniques such as transplants on animals. Without animal testing, m