【课时通】2015-2016学年高一英语外研版必修3课件：Module 4 Period 3 .pptVIP

Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Period 3 Grammar 动词不定式及but用于动词不定式 【温故知新】 阅读下列句子，根据提示完成句子并体会其用法 ①Scientists have tried many ways _______(solve) this problem. ②The wind is sometimes strong enough _______(move) sand dunes. ③“__________________(catch) in a sandstorm was a terrible experience, ” he said. ④Traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult _____(see). to solve to move To have been caught to see ⑤When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not _____(go) out. to go 【考点诠解】 Ⅰ. 动词不定式的形式 (以do为例，不及物动词没有被动形式) not (to) do 否定形式 to have been done to have done 完成式 / to be doing 进行式 to be done to do 一般式 被　动 主　动 时态语态 1. 不定式的一般式: 表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或在它之后发生。 ①He seems __ _____ this. 他似乎知道这件事。(同时发生) ②I hope __ ___ you again. 　 我希望再见到你。(之后发生) to know to see 2. 不定式的进行式: 表示的动作通常与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 ①He seems __ ___ ______ something. 他似乎在吃什么东西。 ②He pretended __ ___ _____ his lessons when his mother came in. 他母亲进来时，他假装在做功课。 3. 不定式的完成式: 表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。 ①I’m sorry __ _____ _____ you so much trouble. 我很抱歉给你带来这么多麻烦。 ②He seems __ _____ ______ a cold. 他好像感冒了。 to be eating to be doing to have given to have caught Ⅱ. 动词不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语。 动词不定式作主语时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，往往用it作形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后。 ①___ ___ _____ by bike will take us half an hour. 骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。 ②It’s our duty __ ____ good care of the old. 照顾好老人是我们的责任。 To get there to take ③It is difficult ___ __ __ _____ writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. 我们难以在四分之一小时内写完这篇作文。 ④It’s very nice __ ____ __ ____ me. 你来帮助我真是太好了。 for us to finish of you to help 【悟一悟?参透误区】用for还是用of? 动词不定式的逻辑主语，用for还是of取决于前面的形容词。如果表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词时用for; 常见的此类形容词有important, necessary, possible等。表示性格、品德、心智能力、主观感情或态度的形容词时用of。这一句式有时相当于Sb. is＋形容词＋to do句式。这些形容词有careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等。 2. 作宾语。 常用带to的不定式作宾语的动词有afford, agree, arrange, ask, choose, decide, demand, desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish,