【金版学案】2015-2016学年高一人教版英语必修一课件：unit4 Earthquakes第四学时　Learning about Language .pptVIP

语法精讲 第四学时　Grammar 定语从句（1) 【观察领悟】 观察下列句子，体会定语从句的用法。 1．A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals. 2．The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400，000. 3．Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. 4．The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 5．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 6．The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 7．The girl whose father had given us a report got first. 8．The girl whom I called just now is from America. 【自我归纳】 1．例句1、3的关系词分别为________和________，其先行词皆为物，可以互换。 2．例句2、4和6的关系词皆为________，其先行词为________、________和________。 3．例句5、7的关系词为________，在定语从句中作定语。 4．例句8的关系词为________，在定语从句中作宾语。 that which who people those the boys whose　 whom 一、定义及分类 在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词(who；whom；whose；which；that；as)和关系副词(when；where；why)。关系词常有3个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二、引导限制性定语从句的关系代词 The man who/that is talking with my father is a teacher. 正和我父亲说话的那个人是教师。 Guilin is a city which/that has a history of 2，000 years. 桂林是一座拥有2 000年历史的城市。 The man (whom) you met just now is my father. 你刚刚遇到的人是我父亲。 Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in. 没有人要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。 注意：(1)关系代词that既可指人也可指物。有时可与关系代词which/who/whom互换，但是当which，whom放在介词的后面作宾语时，不能与that互换。 (6) as引导定语从句，可构成the same...as，such...as结构。 三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 1．当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，little，much等不定代词以及先行词被这些词修饰时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。 2．先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the largest ship that I have ever seen. 这是我曾经见过的最大的船。 3．当先行词被the only，the very，the last修饰时。 This is the very book that I am looking for. 这正是我要找的那本书。 4．当先行词既指人，又指物时。 We often talk about the persons and things that we remember. 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 5．当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时，为避免重复而用that