10MarketDemand介绍.pptx

第 10 章;课程进度;对照教材，我们跳过了其中的第9－14章 因为它们涉及了要素市场和产品供给 然，厂商产品供给是以市场需求为导向 要素市场又是以产品供给为导向 故，讲产品供给前先讲产品市场需求;第6、7、8章，是产品需求（曲线） 但，属消费者个人的产品需求（曲线） 的确！西方经济学强调个体基础 但是，我们说，商品价格是由市场供给和市场需求决定的 要进一步描绘产品的市场需求（曲线）;本章的内容;本章要点的一句话概括;本章的要点;本章的内容;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;10.1 From Individual to Market;;;;10.1 From Individual to Market;Transition;Transition;Transition;Transition;Transition;Transition;Transition;Transition;Transition;;Transition;本章的内容;10.2 Elasticity;38;10.2 Elasticity;10.2 Elasticity;过渡;本章的内容;10.3 Elasticity and Demand;2. Arc Own-Price Elasticity An “average” own-price elasticity of demand for commodity i over an interval of values for pi is an arc-elasticity, usually computed by a mid-point formula.;;;;;;50;So;3.Point Own-Price Elasticity Elasticity computed for a single value of pi is a point elasticity. ;;;;;;;3.Elasticity of a Linear Demand Curve ;E.g. Suppose pi = a - bXi. Then Xi = (a-pi)/b and;;;;;;;;;;;4.Constant Elasticity Demands ;E.g. ;;?;5.Income Elasticity a normal good is one for which an increase in income leads to an increase in demand; so for this sort of good the income elasticity of demand is positive. ;5.Income Elasticity An inferior good is one for which an increase in income leads to a decrease in demand; for this sort of good, the income elasticity of demand is negative. ;5.Income Elasticity Luxury goods have an income elasticity of demand that is greater than 1 That is to say, a 1 percent increase in income leads to more than a 1 percent increase in demand for a luxury good. ;本章的内容;10.4 Elasticity and Revenue;10.4 Elasticity and Revenue;1.需求弹性与厂商收益 If raising a commodity’s price causes a large decrease in quantity demanded, then sellers’