15FirmSupply介绍.pptx

第 15 章;课程进度;Introduction;单位成本;;Introduction;本章的内容;本章要点的一句话概括;本章的要点;Introduction;本章的内容;15.1 Market Structure;2.市场类型 Monopoly: Just one seller that determines the quantity supplied and the market-clearing price. Oligopoly: A few firms, the decisions of each influencing the payoffs of the others.;2.市场类型 Monopolistic Competition: Many firms each making a slightly different product. Each firm’s output level is small relative to the total. Pure Competition: Many firms, all making the same product. Each firm’s output level is small relative to the total.;Later chapters examine monopoly, oligopoly, and the dominant firm. This chapter explores only pure competition. In the pure competition market, there are many byers and sellers. I.e., an individual firm is “small relative to the industry”.;本章的内容;15.2 Competitive Firm’s Demand Curve;;1.The firm is a market price-taker If the firm sets its own price above the market price then the quantity demanded from the firm is zero.;;1.The firm is a market price-taker If the firm sets its own price below the market price then the quantity demanded from the firm is the entire market quantity-demanded.;;2.The Firm’s demand curve Q: what is the demand curve faced by the individual firm? A: the demand curve faced by the individual firm, is decomposed from the market demand.;;;2.The Firm’s demand curve The firm is a market price-taker, so the Firm’s demand curve can be shortened to a horizontal line. But the price is determined by the market demand and market supply, so the firm’s demand curve is a dash line.;;本章的内容;15.3 The Firm’s Short-Run Supply;1.The Firm’s Short-Run Supply is determined by its MCs Each firm is a profit-maximizer and in a short-run. Q: How does each firm choose its output level? A: By solving;What can the solution ys* look like?;What can the solution ys* look like?(a) ys* 0:;What can the solution y* look like?(b) ys* = 0（停止营业点处）:;For the interior case of ys* 0, the first-order maximum profit condition i