2现在分词作状语的分类(伴随让步条件时间等等).docVIP

doing sth 作状语的分类 ☆一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。 ☆-ing形式作状语，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。 如： ▲doing sth.作时间状语： ﹡Seeing my parents waving in the crowd，I went running to them. ﹡Crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car. =When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car. ﹡(When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened. ﹡Having eaten his dinner, the boy rushed out. ﹡Hearing their teachers voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. ﹡Having received his letter, I decided to write back. ▲doing sth.作原因状语： Being a teacher，you should help your students in every way. Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, I cant write to her. Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. Having eaten too much, he couldn’t go to sleep. ▲doing sth.作结果状语： ﹡There is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place. making it difficult to travel from place to place 是结果状语。 现在分词作结果状语表示一种必然性（自然结果）。（making 可以改为 which makes，相当于一个前因后果的非限制性定语从句。） ﹡He comes home late every evening, making his wife very angry. 他每天回来得很晚，这是他的妻子很生气。 =He comes home late every evening, which makes his wife very angry. =He comes home late every evening, and it makes his wife very angry. ﹡Mary failed all her exams, making both her parents very angry. 玛丽未能通过一门考试，这是她父母非常生气。 ﹡European football is played in more than80countries,making it one of the most popular games in the world.(NMET1998全国卷) ﹡The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. ﹡Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after. ﹡Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. ﹡She threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. ﹡The song is sung all over the country, making it the most popular song ﹡The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. ▲doing sth.作条件状语： Listening to English every day （If you listen to English every day），