英语翻译技巧剖析.ppt

翻译技巧 第一节:词义的选择、引申和褒贬 I. 词义的选择 英语中,除了像laser, radar这样专业化程度很高的词汇的词义比较单一外,其他的词往往一个词分属几个不同的词类,从而具有不同的词义,同一个词在同一个词类中可能又有几个甚至几十个不同的含义。一词多义在英语和汉语中都是很普遍的现象。如何从多个不同的词义中选择和确定词义是翻译过程中的一个重要环节。选择和确定词义可以从下面几个方面着手: A.根据句子中的一个词的词类来选择和确定词义 英语词义灵活,突出地表现为一词多义。以sound为例,它可以作名词,意为“声音”;可作动词,意为“发声”或“测量深度”;可以作形容词,意为“健康的”或“正确的”。但在Air carries sound(空气传送声音)这个句子中,sound只可以作名词,作“声音”讲解。 第一节:词义的选择、引申和褒贬 sound noun: 1.sth that you can hear a high/low sound the different sounds and smells of the forest森林里的各种声音 第一节:词义的选择、引申和褒贬 2. the effect that is produced by the music of a particular singer or group of musicians 噪音,音乐风格 I like their sound.我喜欢他们的音乐风格. 3. impression the sound of sth.印象,感觉 From the sound of things you were lucky to find him.看来你能找到他真是幸运。 4. water ( of place names) a narrow passage of water that joins two larger areas of water syn:strait海湾 第一节:词义的选择、引申和褒贬 verb 1. give impression给人印象 His voice sounded strange on the phone. 2. sounding (在构成形容词)听起来…的 fine-sounding words听上去华而不实的话语 3. produce sound发出声音 The bell sounded for the end of the class.下课铃响了。 4. give warning/signal发出警报/信号 When I saw the smoke, I tried to sound the alarm.看到烟后,我就设法发出警报。 5. produce发音 You don’t sound the “b” in the word comb. 6. measure depth测量深度 adj. 1. reliable the reach a sound conclusion得出可靠的结论 2. thorough透彻的,全面的,完备的 a sound knowledge/understanding of sth.对某事透彻的了解/理解 He has a sound grasp of the issue.他对这些问题掌握得很全面。 3. not damaged/hurt无损坏,完好的,健康的 We arrived home safe and sound.我们安然无恙地到了家。 The house needs attention but the roof is sound.房子需要修茸,不过屋顶还完好无损。 4. sleep: deep and peaceful酣畅的,香甜的 to have a sound night’s sleep一夜酣睡 5. good, but not excellent良好 a sound piece of writing一篇不错的文章 6. physical punishment 严厉的,重的 to give sb. a sound beating 痛打某人一顿 下面再以round为例: 1. In the first round our football team has had three wins and one defeats.在第一轮比赛中,我们的足球队三胜一负。(名词:回合,(一)轮) 2. The earth rounds the sun.地球环绕太阳运行。(动词:环绕……而行) 3. The earth is round.地球是圆的。(形容词:圆的) 4. The exciting news soon carried round.激动人心的消

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