地质系统的空间结构与动力学过程的计算模拟及其在成矿预测中的应用教材.doc

第5讲 地质系统的空间结构与动力学过程的计算模拟及其在成矿预测中的应用 主讲:刘亮明 5.1 计算模拟的重要性 Because many geological phenomena and processes are based on complex regularities and natural laws which are additionally overlain by numerous random influences, temporal alterations and/or spatial deviations, to understand and illustrate them without some modeling is nearly impossible ——H. Thierg?rtner (国际数学地质学会主席) Geological evolution and geodynamic processes cannot be adequately reproduced and studied in a laboratory, not with real rocks subjected to elevated temperatures and pressures，nor with analogue materials at more convenient conditions. Simple aspects of real rock behaviour can be produced, but not complex behaviours involving multiple deformations, metamorphism and phase changes at high temperatures and pressures, fluid flows and coupled chemical reactions. The only way that complex geological events and geodynamic processes can be studied is via numerical simulation on a computer. Such simulations require robust numerical codes that can reproduce the full range of real rock behaviours, e.g. elastic, plastic, brittle, ductile, creep, bulk and localised material flow, granular flow, folding, fracture, compaction, dilation, solid-state transformation, mineral growth and dissolution (metamorphism), melting, fluid flow, etc. Also, any strong feedback must be incorporated so that each geodynamic process (deformation, thermal flux, fluid flow and chemical reaction) can influence the operation of the other processes. ——G. P. Price （澳大利亚地球动力学合作研究中心主席） Computational modeling is a promising method for investigating the spatial, topographic characteristics and geodynamic processes of complex geological systems involving irregularly-shaped geological bodies. ——刘亮明 5.1.1 计算模拟是地地质调查和研究的根本目的是什么？4 W What are the geological phenomena and/or the geological bodies, including the composition and architecture? Where were they formed? When were they formed? Why do they occur in such a pattern? 4W实际上就是地质系统的空间结构和动力学过程。地