Chapter 6 Transport国际贸易.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Transport 1．Ocean Transport 2. Air Transport 3. Rail Transport 4. Road Transport 5. International Multimodal Transport 1．Ocean Transport (1) Advantages: a. easy passage since about 70% of the earth is covered by water. b. has a large capacity. 500,000 tons c. low cost d. good adaptability to cargoes of different size, weight, shape, etc. 1．Ocean Transport (2) disadvantage: a. slow b. vulnerable to bad weather c. less punctual Major types of cargo vessels General or packed cargo vessel OBO (ore/bulk/oil) refrigerated ship perishable A timber ship Container vessel Role on/Role off (Ro/Ro) 滚装船 trailer LASH (Lighter Aboard Ship)(barge-carrier) 载驳船 Liners 班轮 Definition: Liner is a passenger or cargo vessel that operates over a regular route according to an advertised timetable. Characteristics: Fixed route, ports, schedule and relatively fixed freight Loading and unloading charges included in freight Good service Simple procedures, Ideal for cargo of small quantity Tramp 租船运输 definition: Tramp is a cargo ship not operating on regular route and schedules, but picking up cargo from almost any port only when it is chartered (hired) from the ship operator. characteristics of a tramp: no fixed route, ports or schedule but direct trip. freight determined by market to be competitive ideal for cargo of a complete shipload, such as cargo of low value and huge quantity types of tramp 1 Voyage charter 程租 is the hire of a ship for a particular trip: single voyage charter; round voyage charter consecutive voyage charter; voyage charter on time basis(a voyage charter, but the fees are collected according to the days used) contract of affreightment (chartering a ship as a freight carrier) 包运合同 Types of tramp 2 A voyage charter party: shipper, carrier, name of vessel, flag cargo type, packaging, quantity ports and alternative laydays date and cancelling date how, when and where the freight is paid loading and unloading fees(FIO, FI, Fo Liner term) Laytim