073《经济学家》读译参考之七十三有奶便是娘-越南成为WTO第150个成员国.docVIP

TEXT 73 Marketmaker 造市者（陈继龙 编译） Nov 2nd 2006 From The Economist print edition EARLIER this year Ukraine became a market economy. （1）That might surprise many Ukrainians, who were under the impression they had been living with free enterprise since prices were deregulated in 1991, the currency became convertible in 1996, and the government began to off-load its assets, leaving about two-thirds of the economy now in private hands. But on February 17th, David Sampson, Americas Deputy Secretary of Commerce, was delighted to announce in Kiev that in his governments eyes Ukraine was now a “market-based economy”. 今年早些时候，乌克兰成为市场经济国家。这可能令许多乌克兰人感到惊讶，在他们印象中，自从1991年价格放开，1996年货币实现自由兑换，以及政府与国有资产分离（目前大约有2/3属于私有经济）以来，乌克兰人已经顺应了私营经济体制。不过，今年2月17日美国商务部副部长大卫·桑普森却在基辅兴高采烈地宣布，在美政府看来，乌克兰已成为一个“市场经济国家”。 Vietnam may have to wait until 2019 for a similar benediction. On October 26th it finally agreed a deal to become the 150th member of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) once formalities are completed around the turn of the year. Almost 12 years of talks, resulting in 880 pages of policy commitments, have picked over many bones of contention[1], including Vietnams textile export subsidies, which it has promised to eliminate, and its banking system, which it has pledged to open up by next April. （2）There was also time over the past 12 years to broach less weighty, but equally delicate matters, such as Vietnams import ban on Harley Davidsons, and fears that it might block imports of the Bible because it contains “culturally reactionary and superstitious material”. 越南也许要到2019年才能等来这样的好消息。10月26日，它最终同意了一项协议，即年底前后完成正式手续后就可成为世界贸易组织（WTO）第150个成员国。近12年的对话、形成了长达880页的政策承诺文件，在许多争论焦点上都锱铢必较，其中包括越南的纺织品出口补贴及其银行业。前者越南现已许诺予以取消，而后者越南则已保证在明年4月前实行对外开放。在过去的12年里，一些虽不重要但同样微妙的问题也摆上了台面，比如越南禁止进口哈雷摩托车，又比如有人担心越南可能阻止《圣经》的传入，因为它含有“反动文化和迷信内容”。 The WTO is built on the principle that members will treat each other alike. But as one price of entry Vietnam agreed to remain on a list of so-called “non-market economies”, alongside Chi