自动装置模型进行连锁故障仿真分析-电气工程论文.docVIP

摘 要 在电网规模扩大且结构日趋复杂的同时，电网运行的安全性和可靠性受到新的挑战，大停电事故带来的损失也更加巨大。造成这大停电事故的罪魁祸首正是电网的连锁故障，而继电保护和安全自动装置对故障的发展起到关键作用，因此在对其进行的机电暂态及中长期过程仿真计算中应该考虑它们的动作特性。除连锁故障之外需要考虑继保动作逻辑的还有电力系统的全过程动态仿真和电网动态安全评估系统。 目前，国内外的电力系统分析软件中保护及自动装置的建模和仿真还比较少，且多以国外的装置为原型，不能满足仿真需求，而人为设定继电器开关动作不但困难而且不够准确，影响仿真结果。 针对上述问题本文提出并研究了保护和安全自动装置建模方法，并基于所建立模型进行连锁故障仿真分析。模型通过PSASP的用户自定义的方式搭建。继电保护及安全自动装置是由不同的元件按照一定的逻辑关系组成的，装置中的很多元件具有一定的通用性。建模时首先将这类元件单独建模，作为具体保护和自动装置模型的基本功能框。保护及自动装置大都可以分解成基本元件的组合，完成基本元件建模后，由其根据各种保护原理进行具体保护建模，使所建立的模型具有较强的通用性。最后汇总成继电保护和安全自动装置模型库。在仿真计算中添加继保和安自模型，通过河南南部实际算例和WSCC9节点算例进行验证和连锁故障仿真计算，结果表明能够真实反映继电保护动作逻辑，反应电力系统全过程动态行为，实现连锁故障的仿真分析。 关键词：基本元件模型；继电保护；安全自动装置；连锁故障 Abstract The power grid is becoming larger and more complex, at the same time, the safety and reliability of power system operation have faced new challenges, and large-scale blackouts cause huger lost. The culprit of large-scale blackouts is cascading failure, and relay protection and automatic devices play a critical role in development of failure, therefore during the simulation calculation of the cascading failure mechanical and electrical transient and long-term process should be considered in their operating characteristics. At present, domestic and overseas power system analysis software is lack of relay model and their prototype most are foreign devices. The software can’t meet simulation demand. While, artificial relay switching is not only difficult but also inaccurate, impacting simulation results. In order to solve the above issues, a method of relay Modeling is proposed and studied in this paper, then do cascading failure simulation based on the established models. Models are developed by User-Defined Model. Relay protection and automation devices is made up of different components with certain logic, these components has certain generality. First, Basic component model is developed, as the relay model basic frame. Various Relay protection models is composed of many basic component models which according to specific protection pr