电泳溶胶凝胶沉积法分析.docVIP

Electrophoretic Sol–Gel Deposition INTRODUCTION Electrophoretic deposition is a versatile process for formation of thin and thick films on substrates whereby electrically charged particles are deposited onto the substrates as an electrode from a stabilized suspension under a DC electric field (Sarker, 1996). This process has widely been applied to various fields such as preparation of phosphors for displays, solid electrolytes for electrochromic displays, cathodes for lithium secondary batteries, superconductors, ferroelectric materials and biomaterials (Mizuguchi, 1983; Kuwabara, 1991; Nojima, 1991; Nagai, 1993; Koura, 1995; Yamashita, 1998). The main advantage of the electrophoretic deposition is the fact that thick films can be prepared on various substrates with a complicated shape in much shorter time compared with the other coating techniques. The film thickness can be controlled by varying the preparation conditions such as applied voltage, deposition time and concentration of the suspensions. In practice, however, the preparation of stable suspensions with fine and uniform particles, which is essential to obtain excellent thick films, is not so easy. For example, when raw materials are ground using a conventional ball mill, the shape of the particles is not uniform and the size distribution is broad. The sol–gel method permits the preparation of uniform, spherical and fine particles. So-called “electrophoretic sol–gel deposition”, which is combined sol–gel method for particle preparation and electrophoretic deposition of the sol–gel derived particles, has been proposed as a promising procedure to prepare thick films (Kishida, 1994). In this chapter, the principle of the electrophoretic sol–gel deposition technique is described and the progress in research and technique is reviewed. PREPARATION PROCESSES The electrophoretic sol–gel deposition technique is based on the preparation of particles from metal alkoxides by sol–gel method and the deposition of the so