Chapter_4.ppt.ppt

Chapter 4 Railroads Brief History A significant role in the economic development of US from 1850 to 1950. 20世紀後半開始衰落: The rise of alternate transport modes with superior services and/or cost characteristics, primarily motor carriers and pipelines A resurgence in water transportation Changing needs of the US economy. Other modes growing faster, However, may experience a resurgence because of more aggressive marketing and growth in intermodal traffic. History in Taiwan 劉銘傳興建縱貫鐵路　　清光緒十三年（西元1887），任命補用知府張士瑜為鐵路商務總辦，六月開始由大稻埕向基隆舖設鐵路西元1891年完工通車，全長三十二公里，其中穿越獅球嶺的隧道全長五七三公尺，工程頗為艱巨，完工後在隧道南端口勒刻「曠宇天開」的碣碑，此碑仍保留在當地。西元1888年，繼續開築由稻埕往南的鐵路，至西元1893年完成大稻埕到新竹之間鐵路，不過此時劉銘傳已經離職, History in Taiwan 十大建設?六項交通建設(鐵路電氣化,中山高速公路,基隆港,高雄港,中正國際機場,蘇澳港等. 環島鐵路 高鐵 /UserData/traclubs/ Competition Railroads were the dominant mode of transportation prior to World War II The railways must compete with the other modes of transportation that have either evolved or matured since the 1920s. Taiwan railway need to face the competition after it become a private company. Intermodal Railroad company president said: Our service is not as fast as truck, but we have discovered that customers will accept a slower transit time in exchange for a lower rate, as long as service is consistent and we can usually provide a lower freight rate because our costs are less than truck. Abandonments 1916,the railroad industry owned 254,000 miles of track. Today, more than half of that is gone, enough to circle the Earth three times. The railroads had to abandon significant portions of rail trackage to remain competitive. Does Taiwan railroad need to abandon some trackage to remain competitive? Abandonments In some cases, all or part of the right of way was turned into hiking trails with some bridges left in place. Some became recreational facilities, like Gi-Gi lane up to Ali Mt. The abandonments were either rural branches or duplicate lines left over. General Service Characteristics Commodities Hauled Coal Farm Products Chemica