清明节中英综述.pptVIP

Outline -----概要 Brief introduction--简介 Origin---起源 Customs---习俗 Problems---问题（引起的） New way---新的悼念方式 Vocabulary---关于清明的相关词汇 Brief introduction--简介 清明节是一个纪念祖先的节日。主要的纪念仪式是扫墓，扫墓是慎终追远、郭亲睦邻及行孝的具体表现；基于上述意义，清明节因此成为华人的重要节日。 清明节是在仲春和暮春之交，April 4-6 each year 也就是冬至后的106天。扫墓活动通常是在清明节的前十天或后十天。有些地域的人士的扫墓活动长达一个月。清明最开始是一个很重要的节气，清明一到，气温升高，正是春耕春种的大好时节，故有“清明前后，种瓜种豆”。“植树造林，莫过清明”的农谚。后来，由于清明与寒食Cold Food的日子接近，而寒食是民间禁火扫墓的日子，渐渐的，寒食与清明就合二为一了，而 寒食既成为清明的别称，也变成为清明时节的一个习俗，清明之日不动烟火，只吃凉的食。　　 Origin---起源 Its origin dates back to the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin prince Chonger ran away from the country with his supporters due to persecution. They were homeless for 19 years and things got so bad that Chonger began to starve to death. One of the princes faithful followers, Jie Zitui, cut a piece of muscle from his own leg and served it to his master. Chonger was saved and, in 636 BC, he took back the throne. 清明节可以追溯到春秋时代。晋国公子重耳因受到迫害，率其支持者出逃。19年间，他们居无定所，漂泊四方。一次，他们的处境相当窘迫，重耳饿得快不行了。这时，忠心耿耿的介子推从自己的腿上割下一块肉献给了重耳，公子重耳得救了。公元前636年，他夺回了王位。 He rewarded the officials who had stayed loyal to him but he forgot about Jie Zitui. By the time Chonger remembered him, a heartbroken Jie Zitui had traveled deep into the mountains. Chonger wanted to persuade Jie to come home, so he had the hills set on fire. But Jie was later found beside a large tree, with his old mother on his back. Both were dead. 　　即位之后，重耳对支持者大加封赏，却忘记了介子推。等到想起这位忠臣时，伤心的介子推早已遁入山林深处。重耳想逼他回来，所以就大火焚山。后来，在一棵大树旁边发现了背着老母的介子推。两人都被烧死了。 Saddened by the tragedy, Chonger ordered that fires could not be lit on the day of Jie Zituis death. From this comes Hanshi Day, or Cold Food Day. People visited Jie Zituis tomb the next day to pay their respects. Over time, Hanshi Day was replaced with Tomb-sweeping Day. 重耳悲痛欲绝。他下令，在介子推的忌日不准生火。寒食节即来源于此。寒食节的次日，人们到介子推的坟头上致敬。 Activities ----活动方式 荡秋千 是我国古代清明节习俗。打秋千不仅可以增进健康，而且可以培养勇敢精神，至今为人们特别是儿童所喜爱。 蹴鞠 是用足去踢球。这是古代清明节时人们喜爱的一种游戏。相传是黄帝发明的，最初目的是用来训练武士。 踏青　　又叫春游。古时叫探春、寻春等。三月清明，春回大地，自然界到处呈现一派生机勃勃的景象，正是郊游的大好时光。我