柴油机机外净化方法的研究简介.doc

编号：1300000 本科毕业论文 柴油机机外净化方法的研究 院 系： 姓 名： 学 号： 专 业： 年 级： 指导教师： 职 称： 完成日期：  摘 要 随着柴油机在燃油经济性和动力性等方面较汽油机的突出表现，柴油机在汽车上也得到了广泛应用。但是，柴油机的氮氧化物和微粒排放突出，世界各国对排放要求日渐严格，对排放污染物控制技术也要求越来越高。以前依靠机内处理的方法很难再取得质的突破，难以满足排放法规的新要求。 论文分析了柴油机尾气的主要成分、危害以及对排放污染物的排放法规要求，目前国内外柴油汽车净化技术主要是综合排气后处理技术、发动机前处理的方法来降低有害污染物的排放。通过对各种机外净化技术的分析，总结出不足之处并对其进行改进，提出了一些排气污染控制的机外净化方案，对方案的可行性和实用性进行了初步的分析与论证。为未来柴油汽车排放污染物的有效控制及新一代更为环保型柴油汽车的设计提供了一定的参考。 关键词：柴油机；排放；机外净化  Abstract With the diesel engine’s fuel economy and power performance is better than the gasoline engine, diesel engine has been widely used in the car. However, nitrogen oxides and particulate emissions of diesel engine is notable. Many countries all over the world have some increasingly strict emission requirements, so do requirements for emission’s control technology. Relying on internal machine processing methods to obtain qualitative breakthrough is difficult to meet the new requirements of emission regulations. Paper analyzes the main components of the diesel exhaust and its harms and laws or regulations of the discharge of pollutants. Now, It mainly discusses the domestic and foreign diesel car’s external of engine purification technology and integrating engine exhaust after-treatment technology to reduce the harmful emissions. The paper analyzes a variety of machine outside purification technology. It sums up some improvements and innovations in the inadequacies. Then it puts up with ??some pollution control schemes and does the preliminary analysis for the feasibility and practicability of schemes. It provides some basis on designing an effective plan to control exhaust emissions of diesel vehicles in the future and so do the generation of more environmental friendly diesel car. Key words:Diesel engine; Emissions; Machine outside purification 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 论文的背景及意义 1 1.2 课题的研究现状与前景 1 1.3 课题的目的与内容 2 2 柴油机污染物的概述 3 2.1 柴油机污染物的成分 3 2.2 柴油机污染物的危害 3 2.3 柴油机污染物的排放法规要求 4 3 柴油机机外净化技术的研究 5 3.1 颗粒物过滤净化技术 5 3.2 氧化催化转换法 6 3.3 氮氧化物的还原