电气工程及其自动专业英语翻译.docVIP

（二） 1 谈论关于我们生活在一个电子学时代的论调是一种空泛的论调。从无处不在的集成电路到同样无处不在的数字计算机，我们在日常活动中总会遇到电子设备和电子系统。在我们日益发展的科技社会的方方面面——无论是在科学、工程、医药、音乐、维修方面甚至是在谍报方面——电子学的作用是巨大的，而且还将不断增强。 一般说来，我们将要涉及到的工作被归结为“信号——处理”工作，让我们来探究这个术语的含义吧。 1884, motor loads were added to such systems. This was the beginning of what would develop into one of the largest industries in the world. In spite of the initial widespread use of DC systems, they were almost completely superseded by AC systems. By 1886, the limitations of DC systems were becoming increasingly apparent. They could deliver power only a short distance from generators. 在一个类似的系统在大多数大城市在世界各地运行数年。随着马达的弗兰克斯普拉格发展在1884年，电机负载被添加到这些系统。这是什么开始发展成为世界上最大的产业之一。在最初的直流系统广泛使用尽管如此，他们几乎完全被空调系统所取代。到1886年，直流系统的局限性也日益明显。他们可以提供功率只有很短的距离从发电机。 To keep transmission power losses I 2 R and voltage drops to acceptable levels, voltage levels had to be high for long-distance power transmission. Such high voltages were not acceptable for generation and consumption of power; therefore, a convenient means for voltage transformation became a necessity. 为了保持发射功率损失（我2 R）和电压下降到可接受的水平，电压等级，必须长途输电高。如此高的电压不发电和电力消耗可以接受的，因此，电压转换成为一个方便的手段的必要性。 The development of the transformer and AC transmission by L. Gaulard and JD Gibbs of Paris, France, led to AC electric power systems. 在发展的变压器，法国和交流输电由L.巴黎戈拉尔和JD吉布斯导致交流电力系统。 In 1889, the first AC transmission line in North America was put into operation in Oregon between Willamette Falls and Portland. 1889年，第一次在北美交流传输线将在俄勒冈州波特兰之间威拉梅特大瀑布和实施。 It was a single-phase line transmitting power at 4,000 V over a distance of 21 km. With the development of polyphase systems by Nikola Tesla, the AC system became even more attractive. By 1888, Tesla held several patents on AC motors, generators, transformers, and transmission systems. Westinghouse bought the patents to these early inventions, and they formed the basis of the present-day AC systems.这是一个单相线路传输功率为4,000公里，超过21 V系统的距离。随着交流的发展多相系统由尼古拉特斯拉，成为更具吸引力的。通过1888年，特斯拉举行交流多项专利电动机，发电机，变压器和输电系统。西屋公司购买了这些早期的发明专利，并形成了系统