干细胞英文摘要.pptVIP

* Dr. Hariom Yadav 争论的焦点: 1.胚胎的生命权 2.父母的知情权 2.治疗性克隆和生殖性克隆 国际上多数国家的政府和学术界支持胚胎干细胞的研究，包括治疗性克隆的研究。 胚胎干细胞研究的法律和伦理问题 * Dr. Hariom Yadav 不同国家、地区的人胚胎干细胞研究政策 允许或制定灵活的ES研究政策： 澳大利亚，比利时，巴西，加拿大，中国，捷克斯洛伐克，丹麦，爱沙尼亚，芬兰，法国，希腊，匈牙利，冰岛，印度，以色利，日本，拉脱维亚，荷兰，新西兰，俄国，新加坡，斯洛文尼亚，南非，韩国，西班牙，瑞典，瑞士，中国台湾，泰国，英国。 严格限制： 德国，意大利，香港。 完全禁止： 奥地利，爱尔兰，立陶宛，挪威，波兰。 * Dr. Hariom Yadav 美国政策： 2001年美国总统宣布：允许政府经费资助人体胚胎干细胞研究，但仅限于已有的胚胎干细胞。 2005年美国国会众议院通过胚胎干细胞研究提案，但被布什否决。 * Dr. Hariom Yadav * Dr. Hariom Yadav (Time 2.19.01) Thanks Stem cells are different from other cells of the body in that they have the ability to differentiate into other cell/tissue types. This ability allows them to replace cells that have died. With this ability, they have been used to replace defective cells/tissues in patients who have certain diseases or defects. Common variants, called polymorphisms, occur at greater than 1% frequency I have given some examples of how exposure induced risk is modified in various ways Typically the effects are modest in magnitude. We are interested in how genetics modifies Exposure and exposure-related diseases Because….. Stem cells can be classified into three broad categories, based on their ability to differentiate. Totipotent stem cells are found only in early embryos. Each cell can form a complete organism (e.g., identical twins). Pluripotent stem cells exist in the undifferentiated inner cell mass of the blastocyst and can form any of the over 200 different cell types found in the body. Multipotent stem cells are derived from fetal tissue, cord blood and adult stem cells. Although their ability to differentiate is more limited than pluripotent stem cells, they already have a track record of success in cell-based therapies. Here is a current list of the sources of stem cells: Embryonic stem cells - are harvested from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst seven to ten days after fertilization. Fetal stem cells - are taken from the germline tissues that will make up the