数量增加或减少的翻译详解.pptVIP

一、数量增加的翻译 （一）数量的增加 ◆表达数量的增加必须拿原来的数量作底数。 “增加”（了） 、增长”（了） 、上升（了） 、提高（了）” 表示净增数，不包括底数。 “增加到（为），增长到（为），上升到（为）” 指增加后的总数，包括底数。 by------ to to + 数量：表示具体增加多少。 Forest cover rose from 18.21% in 2003 to 20.36% in 2011. 2. Our per capita GDP rose from 1,000-plus US dollars to 5,432 US dollars. by +数量：表示净增数。 The project increased the transmission line by five miles. 2. In the first half of this year, Chinas GDP grew by 7.8% year-on-year. (二)倍数的增加 （1）“n times/ n-fold +表示增加意义的形容词或副词比较级+than…” 译：……比……（高，大，长……）n-1倍 或“……是……的n倍” 例1:This red dress is exactly five times more expensive than that blue one. 例2: The Yangtze River is almost 2-fold longer than the Pearl River. (2) “n times +as +表示增加的意义的形容词或副词+as” 译：……是……的n 倍，或……比……大/高/长 (n-1) 倍 例1：The damage caused by the earthquake is four times as huge as the flood. 例2：The book is twice as long as that one. （3）“表示增加意义的动词（如：increase, grow, rise, exceed, improve, go up to）+n times” 译：增加了（n-1）倍；增加到原来的n 倍。 例1：The new technique improved the working conditions and raised efficiency four times. 例2：Her income has increased three times since the year before. (4)“ 表示增加意义的动词+to+ n times 译：增至原来的n倍。 例1：The equipment will increase the efficiency to three times. 例2：The speed exceeded the average speed to three times. （5）比较级+by+ n times/ by a factor of n. 是……的n倍 或增加了n-1倍 例1：The weight of this suitcase is heavier than that one by 3 times. (6) “n times +the size(length/height…)/ that of ” 大小/长度/高度等是……的n 倍 例：Shanghai is about 4 times that of Changsha. (7) n times +upon （over/ as against）…增加到n 倍 例：The temperature in summer may be 5 times over against winter. （8）“n-fold +increase/growth in size/number” 译：增加到n倍 例：There is a 4-fold growth in the number of stamps I have collected. …two-fold increase in size. （9）“double, triple, quadruple, duplicate” 例1：The African athlete doubled the score of his opponent. 例2：He has tripled his income during the last few years. 二、数量减少的翻译 （一）“to