electricfeild(电场)讲课.ppt

E-Field Lines Caution: Outward normal: positive To closed surface Open surface: direction of n is arbitrary Force line leaving the enclosed volume, flux positive, entering it negative P 488 § 20.3 Guass’s law Statement P 489 2) suppose a point charge is in any interior point of a close surface suppose a point charge is in the center of a sphere surface Simple proof Flux depends on solid angle 3) q outside the surface 4) many charges （collection of charges) （distribution of charges) Guass’s law P 490 Caution: 1) physics meaning:Source field，field line begin from positive, ends at negative charges 2) Gussian’s surface is imaginary close surface. 3) E in Guass’s law is the E in Guassian surface, it is produced by all the charges in the space 4) the flux through Guassian’s surface only depends on the charges inside,but have no relation with its inside position Zero flux does’t mean the zero field. 6) Guass’s law more general than coulumb’s law 20.4 Application of guass law: find E find E with guass law: (1) analysis symmetry (2) choose guassian surface guass surface must be closed one the field point must be in guassian surface E is easy to take out from integral function Caution: P 495 Example: p 491 Example: find E R 　　　 No relation with r Inversely proportion to r2 Solution: ? Example:find E at point B, AB= R, AC=r Solution: (1) fill in the hollow ball Example:Find E of Long Electric Power Line ( p493) Solution: From symmetry: E O r Example:Infinite plane or Sheet with ? ,find E Solution: From symmetry x O Ex x O Ex P 493 Example: p 501 prob 46 Hints: outside the combination Inside the slab: Recap Step to solve E: Recap Guass’s law flux application Chap 21 Electric potential Work Potential energy potential outline P 502-515 schedule hours:3 electric potential energy electric potential voltage electron volt equipotential surface gradient cathode-ray tube (CRT