多轴钻床机械部分的设计-整体设计及机械传动部分的机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘要 众所周知，在现代机械制造业中，企业对专用机床有着广泛的需求。一般钻床劳动强度大，专用性能低，生产率不高且不能保证精度；而多轴专用钻床操纵方便、省力、容易掌握，不易发生操作错误和故障，不仅能减少工人的疲劳，保证工人和钻床的安全，还能提高钻床的生产率。随着科学技术的不断发展，专用钻床广泛应用于制造业。换句话说，专业化越强，企业越能保证其产品质量。因此，专用机床的使用，对企业的竞争力有着十分重要的作用。 本文针对一般钻床上述种种缺点及加工对象的具体情况设计一台轮辐专用多轴钻床，包括总体设计，导轨的设计，动力部件的设计和底座的设计，力求达到满足性能要求，经济效益和人机关系等技术经济指标，以满足厂方的使用要求。 关键词：多轴钻床、导轨、生产率、设计。 Abstract As it is known, the special-purpose lathe is extensively demanded by enterprises in the modern mechanical manufacturing industry. The ordinary lathe not only need a large number of man-power but also has a low performance. In addition, its productivity is low and the accuracy can't be ensured. However, the special-purpose lathe can not merely help enterprises to boost productivity great, saving a large number of manpower and material resource, still can improve the quality of the products. Meanwhile, it is easily maneuvered and guarantees workers' safety. With the development of technology, multi-axles drilling machines are used in manufacturing frequently. Hence, the use of the special-purpose lathe plays an important part in the competitiveness of enterprises. Owing to the variety disadvantages of the ordinary drilling machine, this article presents a new design of multi-axles drilling machine and includes the design of whole; the design of track as well as the design of basis. It is designed based on the specific information of the object. We try our bests to make it satisfies the performance demands as well as other index such as economic efficiency and relation between human and machines. Key words: multi-axles drilling machine, track, productivity, design. 目录 1 前言 1 2 多轴钻床总体设计 2 2.1 概论 2 2.1.1 性能要求 2 2.1.2 经济效益 4 2.1.3 人机关系 4 2.2 多轴钻床总体布局分析 4 2.2.1 操作、观察与调整对总体布局的影响 4 2.2.2 零件的加工工艺方法对总体布局的影响 5 2.2.3 机床的运动分配对总体布局的影响 5 2.2.4 精度等级对总体布局的影响 6 2.2.5 生产效率对总体布局的影响 6 2.2.6 机床的造型对总体布局的影响 6 2.2.7 多轴钻床工艺方案的制定 7 2.2.8 影响机床工艺方案制定的主要因素 7 2.2.9 加工工件的工艺分析 8 3 多轴钻床部件设计 9 3.1 动力部件的选择 9 3.1.1 切削用量的选择 9 3.1.2 刀具的选择 9 3.1.3 动力部件的选择 9 3.2 减速器的选