2吨液压挖掘机的挖掘机构机械CAD图纸设计.doc

摘 要 本次设计的题目是履带式液压挖掘机挖掘机构。与其它类型的挖掘机相比，这种类型的挖掘机因有良好通过性能应用最广，对松软地面或沼泽地带还可采用加宽、加长以及浮式履带来降低接地比压。 液压挖掘机的主要特点为：能无级调速且调速范围大，能得到较低的稳定转速，快速作用时，液压元件产生的运动惯性小，加速性能好，并可作高速反转，传动平稳，结构简单，可吸收冲击和振动，操纵省力，易实现自动化控制，易于实现标准化、系列化、通用化。 本次设计的主要参数是斗容量0.2m3,它属于中小型液压挖掘机，主要设计挖掘机的工作装置、液压传动原理。 在设计中，采用了履带式行走装置，来满足要求。上部转台是全回转式，因此它可在一个更大的范围内工作。又因采用液压传动控制而使整机性能得以改善。与机械式挖掘机相比，其挖掘力提高到2～3倍，整机质量约为5吨，挖掘力约为30kN，最大卸载高度约为2.65m，最大挖掘深度4.2m，最大挖掘半径约为5.728m，从中可以看出整机作业能力有了很大的改进，不仅挖掘力大，且机器重量轻，传动平稳，作业效率高，结构紧凑。 关键词：液压挖掘机 ；挖掘机构 ；液压系统 ABSTRACT This designed topic is the marching hydraulic excavator excavational organization. Compared with other types excavators, this kind of type excavator used very universal that because has good through theperformance, also may use to lengthens widens as well as the floating type caterpillar band to reduce pressure for the soft ground or the bogregion. The hydraulic excavator main characteristic is: not only can adjust s the stepless speed but also can adjust scope very big, can obtain a lower stable rotational speed, when action quickly, the hydraulic parts produce inertia small, accelerational theperformance good,and may make the high speed reverse, the transmission steady,structure simple, may absorb attacks and vibrates, the operation reduces effort, and to be easy to realize the automated control, is easy to realize the standardization, the seriation, the universalization. This designed main parameter is scoop capacity 0.2m3, it is long to the middle and small scale hydraulic excavator, mainly design the excavator，s the work installment and the hydraulic transmissionprinciple. In the design, used marching walked the installment to satisfied request. Upside the turnplate is the entire rotation , thereof it may work in a greater scope. And further because uses the hydraulicsteering to enable the entire machine performance to improve. Compared with the mechanical type excavator, its excavation strength enhance to 2 ~ 3 times, the entire machine weight appro