写作考试命题分析与预测.doc

写作考试命题分析与预测? ? 概述 　　新《大学英语教学大纲》对大学英语高级阶段写作能力有如下要求：“能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时做笔记，回答问题，写提纲和摘要，能在半小时内就一定的话题，提纲，表格或图示写出180-200词的短文，能写报告、评论、发言稿和日常应用文等，内容完整，文理通顺，表达思想清楚。”根据这一要求，国家教育部又限定了大学英语四、六级考试以6分为最低作文分数及格线，给予作文对考试成绩特有的单项否决权。这一规定与要求对本来就惧怕英文写作的考生增加了更大的难度，对应试者的考前准备，特别是心理准备产生了巨大的压力。过去，许多考生曾寄希望于“作文损失，别的补”。现在，这种想法已行不通了。由此可见，英语写作已成为应试者最大的心理负担之一。为了帮助考生克服这一心理负担，找到行之有效的应试方法与技巧，本章集中介绍了①短文写作的命题形式与评分标准；②常考文体形式与要点；③基本写作方式与技巧；④范文选读。 　 　 C 短文写作的基本方法与技巧 　 一、如何开头 　 文章如何开头至关重要。文章的开头要开门见山，直接切入主题，切忌说了一大堆话还没有 涉及到主题的现象，让读者读了你开头的文章还不知道你想要说的是什么。尤其在写议论文 时，更要注意。 1.以提问式开头以提问的方式直接引出主题或论点。 例1.Do “Lucky Numbers” Bring Good Luck? (1998年6月六级作文真题) Do “Lucky numbers” really bring good luck?My answer is NO. One’s good luck is not brought by lucky numberrs but dilligence.Only through hard work,determinatio n,a strong will and persistence can one achieve success... 　 例2.My View on Fake Commodities (1997年12月六级作文真题) How to do away with fake commodities then?The first thing for the government to do is to root out the loeal protectionism in China.In the meanwhile,fair competi tion must be enforced by law upon all the businesses,in which light,if one busin ess takes unfair advantage of its customers,it will lose to competing business w hich treats its goods fairly... 　 例3.My Liflong Pursuit What does one live for?—An appealing but puzzling question that often haunts mo st college students.To turn it off,some are resolved to pursue the goal of perfe ction in their own lines,some are already in pursuit of pleasure each day offers ,and some of the others are about to suit their pursuits to changing conditions. My pursuit,upon which my life has centred since childhood,is simply comprised of ?three key elements:in most passion for love,great zeal for knowledge,and intense ?longing for the rise of our nation. 　 2.以陈述事实或现象开头 例1.Is Failurs a Bad Thing? Failure is unvoidable in our daily life though we all long for success in everyt hing we do.People’s attitudes towards failure,however,vary greatly from person