[原创]【牛津译林版】（江苏专用）2012届高三英语一轮复习精品学案：语法部分 第9讲 状语从句.docVIP

第9讲 状语从句（要点透析） 状语从句 状语从句是一个句子充当另一个句子的状语，表示主句动作发生的时间、条件、原因、方式、结果、目的等等。状语从句是历年高考题的重点、难点。命题一般是考查学生连词的掌握情况，根据两个句子的意思，判断两个句子之间的逻辑关系，选择合适的连词。常见的状语从句有九大类。 一、时间状语从句 1．when, as与while表示时间 when既可表示“一段时间”(与持续性动词连用)，又可表示“时间点”(与瞬间动词连用)；when可作并列连词，意为“这(那)时”。while只表示“一段时间”，只与持续性动词连用，while可表示对比转折，有“然而”之意。 as用法同when相似，但侧重主句和从句动作发生的同时性，可译作“随着”，“一边……一边……”。 I fell asleep when/as/while he was doing his exercises. When/As he arrived in Shanghai, she met him at the station. I was about to go out when it began to rain. I like tea while she likes coffee. As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom. 2. before 引导的从句中谓语动词不可用否定式，意为“在……之前；还没来得及；……(之后)才……” I had felt hungry before I arrived home. 我还没到家就觉得饿了。(在到家之前觉得饿) She left the office before I could say sorry to her. 我还没来得及向她道歉，她就离开了办公室。(在我能够说抱歉之前，她就离开了办公室) It was a long time before I got to sleep again. 很长时间以后我才又睡着了。 3. since 从句中的动词不同，起算的时间也不同。since＋瞬间动词的过去式，从该动作发生时算起；since＋持续性动词的过去式，从该动作结束时算起。 He had worked hard since entered the factory.(enter为瞬间动词，从他入厂以来) We havent seen each other since I worked in the factory.(work为持续性动词，从我不在工厂以来……) 4．till/until 用于肯定句时，须和持续性动词连用，表示“直到……为止”，用于否定句时和瞬间动词连用，表示“直到……才”。till 与until句型在多数情况下可通用。但在句首时不可用till；在It is/was not until…that … 强调句型中及not until放句首时，一般不可用till。 I worked till/until he came back. He didnt go to bed until/till eleven oclock. It was not until I came back that he went to bed. Not until then did I realize the importance of learning English. 5．as soon as/ immediately/ the moment/the minute/ the second 表示“一……就……” She gave a ring to her parents immediately she landed in Japan. 6．no sooner…than…/ hardly…when…刚……就…… (注意：主句时态用had done；从句用did) She had no sooner left the office than the telephone rang. We had no sooner had supper than we began to repair the machine. →No sooner had we had supper than we began to repair the machine. 7．every time 每当，每次；the first time 第一次……时候，next time 下次……时。 Every time I see the film, I cant help recalling my childhood in the countryside. Call me earlier next time