细胞质遗传并非是母系遗传.doc

生命科学学院生物科学 遗传学 课 程 论 文 生科师范2班：阿力木.亚库普 学号：222011317011037 摘要：细胞质遗传一般表现为具母系遗传的特征。随着DNA分了标记技术的发展和应用，人们己发现在动物及植物中均存在有低频的线粒体DNA单亲父系遗传及双亲遗传的现象。对质体DNA遗传的研究表明，被了植物的质体DNA大多表现为母系遗传，而裸了植物的质体DN A则卞要表现为父系遗传的方式，同时也发现存在其它的遗传规律 Abstract: Cytoplasmic inheritance is generally characterized by matrilineal genetic characteristics. As DNA points are marked technology development and application of people has found that in both animals and plants have low frequency of mitochondrial DNA single and parental genetic paternity inheritance phenomenon. Of plasmid DNA genetic studies have shown that most of plasmid DNA by the plants of matrilineal inheritance, while naked plant plastid DN A charting the way to show the paternal genetic, but also found other genetic law 自从德国植物学家兼遗传学家Correns（1908）首次宣布了他的紫茉莉叶色杂交实验结果以后，大量的实验证明细胞质基因是通过母体遗传给子代的。细胞质遗传就是母系遗传的这个观点为大众所接受，甚至很多教科书也是如此提到。但是，事实真是如此吗？答案是否定的：细胞质遗传指由细胞质内的基因控制的遗传，是与细胞核遗传相对的。而母系遗传指子代性状由母本决定的遗传，与它相对的是双亲遗传和父系遗传。Russell等根据5种代表植物配子融合时精细胞质传递的状况，将质体遗传区分为单亲母系传递型和双亲传递型。哈格曼(Hagemann, 1992) 将被子植物的花粉传递分为3 类：第1 类为月见草属型，表现为明显的母系传递特性；第2 类为天竺葵属型，表现为双亲传递特性；第3 类为苜蓿属型，表现为明显的父系传递特性。即细胞质遗传除了母系遗传外，还有双亲遗传和父系遗传 since the German botanist and geneticist Correns (1908) for the first time that his mirabilis jalapa leaf color after hybridization experiment results, a large number of experiments prove that the cytoplasm gene is inherited through mother to child. Cytoplasmic inheritance is matrilineal inheritance of this view has been Shared to the public, even many textbooks. But is it really the case? The answer is no: cytoplasmic inheritance refers to genetic, is controlled by genes within the cytoplasm and nuclei of genetic relative. And maternal genetic progeny traits determined by maternal genetic, and it is relative to the parent heredity and paternal inheritance. The gametes fuse according to five kinds of representative plants such as Russell fine cytoplasmic transfer, transfer plastid genetic is divided into single mother and parents pass. Hargreaves mann (Hageman