虚拟语气讲与练.ppt

; 一、陈述语气 (The Indicative Mood) 用来陈述事实，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。如： 1. My father and I drove over to the village to see Mr Wu. 2. People dont hibernate. 3. What a strange-looking person (he is)! 4. Are you joking? 二、祈使语气 (The Imperative Mood) 用来表示请求、命令或劝告等。 如： 1.Sit down, please. 2.Dont say it in Chinese. Say it in English, please. 3.Let me have a try. 4.Let him go. ; 三、虚拟语气 (The Subjunctive Mood) 表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。一般常用于正式的书面语中。 该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。 通常有三种情况： ①与过去事实相反。 （过去虚拟） ②与现在事实相反。 （现在虚拟） ③与将来事实可能相反。（将来虚拟） “后退一步法” ①与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反，用一般过去时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反，用过去将来时形式表示。 ;1) If I were you, I shouldnt do that. 2) We would go with you if we had time. 3) We could ask him if he were here. 4) If I knew his telephone number, I would ring him up. ;1) If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 2) If you had come earlier, you would (might) have met him. 3) I would have called you if I had known your phone number. ;1) If it should rain, the crops would be saved. 2) If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. 3) If it rained tomorrow, we would not go out. ;Note: 省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件句 中有were, had或should，可以if把省略而把 这几个词放到主语之前构成主谓倒装：例如： 1. Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 2. Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 3. Had he been more careful (If he had been more careful), such mistakes could have been avoided. ;?1. If she had worked harder, she _____ . (1986) ?A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeeded?;3. If my lawyer _____ here last Saturday, he _____me from going.?A. had been; would have prevented?B. had been; would prevent?C. were; would prevent?D. were; would have prevented;5. If he ______ , he _____ that food.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. (1993) ?A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; wou