肿瘤免疫课件071103.pptVIP

immunology;1901年以来，免疫学领域研究中有19项获得Nobel奖 例如: 人类血型的发现 (1930) 移植免疫 (1991) ;The immune system;T cells;Presentation of antigens to T cells;T 细胞的抗肿瘤作用;T 细胞的抗肿瘤作用;Th;NK细胞的抗肿瘤作用;巨噬细胞的抗肿瘤作用;NKT 细胞的抗肿瘤作用;树突状细胞的作用;Cancer;Tumor growth and metastasis;免疫缺陷与癌症的发生密切相关;肿瘤刺激机体的免疫应答;抗肿瘤免疫机制;肿瘤抗原;肿瘤抗原的现代分类;寻找肿瘤特异性抗原;肿瘤免疫逃逸机制;肿瘤免疫逃逸机制;肿瘤的免疫治疗;肿瘤特异性抗原的应用;肿瘤特异性抗原制备的单克隆抗体的应用;单克隆抗体可作为诊断的工具;非特异性免疫治疗;肿瘤免疫治疗进展;肿瘤疫苗的研究;抗原特异性疫苗;DC疫苗的研究;增加MHC-I分子的表达，可能为抗肿瘤机制;增强抗肿瘤免疫潜能的研究;重视与其他治疗手段综合、序贯应用;问题???展望;Cancer Despite Immunosurveillance: Immunoselection and Imunosubversion;Outline ;Seven hallmarkers of cancer;The immune system can recognize and destroy precursors of cancer before clincally apparent. Initially proposed by Paul Ehlrich a century ago Formally introduced by Burnet and Thomas in the 1950s Criticised by Prehn and others ”Immunostimulation theory” considered dead By 1978 Since 1994 key findings rekindle interest in cancer immunosurveillance A broader term, immunoediting, emerged ;CD8+ CTLs;convert M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages release IFNγ, which inhibits angiogenesis produce IL-4 and block neo-angiogenesis;Defined cancer immunosurveillance (c); activated by DC in diverse mechanisms;Defined cancer immunosurveillance (e);Defined cancer immunosurveillance (f);Defined cancer immunosurveillance (g);Avoidance of immunosurveillance;Immunoselection;three Es of cancer immunoediting ;;Crosstalk of cancer-intrinsic factors and host immune system in multi-step carcinogenesis;Six cell-intrinsic hallmarkers of cancer;Intrinsic and extrinsic barriers to carcinogenesis;Type I IFN and p53 Type I IFN have an important role in immunosurveillance; Type I IFN upregulates the p53-mediated response of tumor cells; Loss of p53 increases susceptibility to type-I-IFN-induced, TRAIL-dependent apoptosis.;Self-sufficiency in growth signals;TGF-β Intrinsic Tumors disables components of TGF-β-mediated signal pathway; TGF-β favours the epithelial to mesenchymal transition of tumor cells. Extrinsic