生物多样性减少致植物分解速度放慢.docVIP

Consequences of biodiversity loss for litter decomposition across biomes The decomposition of dead organic matter is a major determinant of carbon and nutrient cycling in ecosystems, and of carbon fluxes between the biosphere and the atmosphereHYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref11, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref22, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref33. Decomposition is driven by a vast diversity of organisms that are structured in complex food websHYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref22, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref44. Identifying the mechanisms underlying the effects of biodiversity on decomposition is criticalHYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref44, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref55, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref66 given the rapid loss of species worldwide and the effects of this loss on human well-beingHYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref77, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref88, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref99. Yet despite comprehensive syntheses of studies on how biodiversity affects litter decompositionHYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref44, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref55, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref66, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref1010, key questions remain, including when, where and how biodiversity has a role and whether general patterns and mechanisms occur across ecosystems and different functional types of organismHYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref44, HYPERLINK /nature/journal/v509/n7499/full/nature13247.html#ref99,HYPERLINK /nature/jo