超快光学 第24章 阿秒脉冲.pptVIP

Single-cycle and attosecond light pulses;Why try to make attosecond pulses?;;Bandwidth;Single-cycle pulses;Attosecond pulses are short-wavelength pulses.;An infinite train of identical pulses can be written:;;Methods for generating many equally spaced modes with 1015 Hz bandwidth;Raman scattering and attosecond pulses;Cascaded Raman generation;A. V. Sokolov et al. PRL 85, 562;Numerical simulation of Raman scattering in D2;Is the light produced using cascaded Raman scattering an attosecond pulse?;High Harmonic Generation in a gas;High-harmonic generation has all the features needed for attosecond pulse generation.;Are the high harmonics actually in phase?;;Theory says many-fs input pulses yield many-fs XUV pulses, but few-fs input pulses could yield attosecond XUV pulses…;Theory predicts that few-cycle-driven XUV/HHG emission consists of attosecond pulses.;“Observation of attosecond light localization in HHG”;“Observation of attosecond light localization in HHG” N. A. Papadogiannis, et al. PRL 83, 4289;Zeroth-order phase: the absolute phase;;Theory predicts much more intense XUV for a zero (or p) absolute phase.;The absolute phase varies! ;Variable absolute phase in the frequency domain;Proof that:;Proof (continued);If a pulse has more than one octave, it has both f and 2 f for some frequency, f. Interfering them in a SHG crystal yields two contributions at 2 f : that from the original beam and the SH of f. Simply measuring the spectrum of the pulse plus it SH is performing spectral interferometry and yields a fringe phase:;How to measure an attosecond pulse? ;;F. Krausz and coworkers, Science, 2008;Attosecond pulses: conclusions