第2讲交换技术课题.ppt

广西广电网络公司高级网络技术培训;? 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.;Bridging vs. LAN Switching;地址学习 转发/过滤决策 避免环路;Cut-Through（直通转发/实时转发） 交换机检查目的地址后立刻转发帧;LAN 交换类型; ;地址学习;地址学习 (Cont.);过滤帧;过滤帧 (Cont.);Station D sends a broadcast or multicast frame. Broadcast and multicast frames are flooded to all ports other than the originating port. ;? 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.;Redundant topology eliminates（消除） single points of failure. Redundant topology causes broadcast storms, multiple frame copies, and MAC address table instability problems.;Host X sends a broadcast. Switches continue to propagate broadcast traffic over and over.;Host X sends a unicast frame to router Y. MAC address of router Y has not been learned by either switch yet. Router Y will receive two copies of the same frame.;Host X sends a unicast frame to router Y. MAC address of router Y has not been learned by either switch. Switches A and B learn the MAC address of host X on port 0. The frame to router Y is flooded. Switches A and B incorrectly learn the MAC address of host X on port 1.;? 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.;通过将交换机的特定端口置成阻塞状态，从而提供一个无环路的冗余网络拓扑;生成树术语;生成树术语(Cont.);生成树术语(Cont.);生成树术语(Cont.); 每个网络一个根桥 每个非根桥一个根端口 每个网段一个指定端口 非指定端口不工作;Bpdu = Bridge Protocol Data Unit  (default = sent every two seconds) 根桥 = 具有最小桥ID的桥 桥 ID = In the example, which switch has the lowest bridge ID?;生成树桥 ID;桥协议数据单元 (BPDU);Spanning-tree transits each port through several different states:;生成树端口状态;生成树端口状态;生成树端口状态;生成树路径开销;Four-Step Spanning-Tree Decision Process;Spanning-Tree Example;Spanning-Tree Recalculation;生成树收敛