高一定语从句ppt.ppt

Grammar;Attributive clause ;一、定语从句的三个概念: 1. 定语从句：用来做定语的句子叫定语从句。 2. 关系词：引出定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。;二、关系词在从句中的作用： 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 关系词本身没有词义，代替先行词 的词义； 3. 必须充当定语从句中的一个成分. **根据在定语从句中所充当的成分将引 导定语从句的关系词分为： 关系代词和关系副词。 ; 三. 关系词的用法： （一）引导定语从句的关系代词有: who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语(whose)等成分。 ;1．先行词是人时的情况： 1)先行词是人, 从句中缺少主语时, 用who或that作从句的主语。 e.g. I have a friend who/that likes listening to classic music. 我有一个喜欢听古典音乐的朋友。; 2）先行词是人，从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时，用whom,who或that。 e.g. She is the girl whom/who/that I met at the meeting. 她是那个我在会议上遇到的女孩。 e.g. He wants to return the book to the girl whom/who/that he cares for. 他想把书还给那个他喜欢的女孩子。;* I. 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时 一般用who，不用that。 e.g. Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. ;2. 先行词是物时的情况： 1）先行词是物, 从句中缺少主语时, 用that, which。 e.g. You’d better not drink water which /that has not been boiled. 你最好不要喝没开的水。; 2）先行词是物, 从句中缺少动词宾语或介词宾语时, 用which或 that。 e.g. Finally the thief handed the money which /that he stole to the police. 最后小偷把他偷的钱交给了警察。 e.g. This is the house which/that once Lu Xun lived in. 这是鲁迅曾经居住过的房子。 ; II. 在以疑问词who开头的句子中, 或关系代词在从句中作表语时, 用that, 不用who。 e.g. Who is the man that is shouting there? 正在那边叫喊的那个人是谁？ e.g. She is not the girl that she used to be. 她已经不是过去的她了。;3.下列情况下, 最好用that引导定语从句: 1）先行词是不定代词, 如all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, none, some 等。 e.g. Is there anything that you want?; 2）先行词被all, every, no, some, little, few, much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等所修饰时。 e.g. The only thing that he remembered was her name. 他唯一记得的东西是她的名字。;3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 e.g. This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here. 这是我来到这里以来看的第一部电影。; 4）先行词中既有人又有物时。 e.g. They talked about the teachers and the things that they remembered in the sch