伊丽莎白一世Vs万历皇帝.ppt

; ; ;;Accession; Church settlement;From the start of Elizabeths reign, it was expected that she would marry and the question arose to whom. She never did, although she received many offers for her hand; the reasons for this are not clear. Historians have speculated that she knew herself to be infertile（不能生育的）. 伊丽莎白遭受的争议之一在于她没有生下直系继承人。人们一直以为她将结婚生子。许多人追求她，包括她的前姐夫，西班牙的菲利普国王，以及她的宠臣莱斯特伯爵。许多人认为莱斯特伯爵是她的爱人。伊丽莎白很明智地回避他们。几年后，当她的统治巩固，人们越来越清楚，她不会结婚生子了。 While risking possible loss of power like her sister, who played into the hands of King Philip II of Spain, marriage offered the chance of an heir.[55] However, the choice of a husband might also provoke political instability or even insurrection. 她明智地认识到，假如她指定继承人，她??地位会被削弱，而且此举将为她的敌人提供诱因，因为他们可以利用继承人来反对她。但若没有了继承人，英格兰就不会在她去世前陷入内战。 ;Wars and overseas trade; The?Wanli Emperor?(Chinese:?萬曆;?pinyin:?Wànlì; 4 September 1563 – 18 August 1620) was the thirteenth?emperor?of the Ming Dynasty?in?China. His?era name?means Ten thousand calendars. Born?Zhu Yijun, he was the?Longqing Emperors third son. His rule of forty-eight years (1572-1620) was the longest in the Ming dynasty and it witnessed the steady decline of the dynasty.;大事记录;经济---资本主义萌芽;;;;;;