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Dried sluge as Additive for Ceramsite Production
Dried sludge as Additive for Ceramsite Production
G.R. Xu 1, J.L. Zou 1 and Y. Dai 2
1 School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, China. 150090. (e-mail: xgr@; hit1102_zjl@)
2 School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Architecture and Engineering, Jinan, China.
Abstract: Dried sludge as additive for making ceramsite is a new effective approach for disposal of sludge. In this study sewage sludge, water glass and clay were chosen as the components, the optimal ratio of the components and the most appropriate conditions were obtained. The function of primary components in the sintering process, porosity formation mechanism and solid phase reaction also been discussed. The optimized process parameters were shown as follows: the ratio of clay /dried sludge (wt%) was 100%, ratio of adherent /dried sludge (wt%) was 20%, sintering temperature was 950℃, sintering time was 20min. Bulk density was 519 kg m-3, particle density was 1110 kg m-3, water absorption was 19.5%, porosity was 43.7%. XRD and XRF analyses were also carried out. The results indicate that dried sludge as raw material is a good way for making ceramsite.
Keywords: adherent; ceramsite; clay; dried sludge; sintering.
Introduction
Sewage sludge is being generated in an ever-increasing amount due to the rapid urbanization and higher effluent criteria implemented in recent decades. Without proper treatment and disposal, it will cause a secondary pollution problem in environment. The conventional disposal options include landfill, application to farmland and forestry, incineration and sea dumping (Chena, 2002; Otero, 2003). However, the high concentration of organic substances in sludge creates many environmental concerns such as leachate and soil contamination. Also relative higher cost and by-products exist by poor operation in incineration. In addition, these organic matters lead to the excessive propagation of microorganisms such as red t
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