【创新设计-课堂讲义】2016-2017学年高一英语人教版必修1课件：Unit 4 Period Three .pptxVIP

Period Three——;语法专题 who(whom),which,that,whose引导的定语从句;在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why。;一、关系代词的用法 1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 The number of people who lost their homes reached as many as 250,000. 丧失家园的人数多达25万。 2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。;注意：(1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替。 The boy (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday was John’s brother. 昨天我们看到的那个男孩是约翰的哥哥。 (2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。 He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn. 他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。 3.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The gold medal (which) she won has been given to her old school. 她曾经获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。;4.that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The woman (that) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 我在报上读过那位妇女的相关报道，她刚刚夺得一枚金牌。 The report (that) Mr.Turner handed in was about the motor race. 特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 注意： (1)宜用that不宜用which的情况 ①当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代词时。;All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做完了。 ②当先行词被every，any，little，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me. 音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 ③当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most interesting story that I have ever read. 这是我曾读过的最有趣的故事。;④当先行词中既有人又有物时。 She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most. 她在作文中描述了给她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。 (2)宜用which不宜用that的情况 ①关系代词前有介词时。 The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. 我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。;②在非限制性定语从句中。 Have you ever read the book The Three Musketeers，which was written by Alexandre Dumas? 你读过大仲马写的《三个火枪手》这本书吗？ (3)宜用who不宜用that的情况 ①当先行词是指人的不定代词时，如：one，ones，anyone。 Anyone who does that must be mad. 谁那样做一定是疯了。;②当先行词是人称代词I，you，he，they等时(常用于谚语中)。 He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 ③当先行词为指人的those时。 Those who have good manners